区别relation和relationship.doc

relation与relationship辨析 词缀分为前缀prefix和后缀suffix，后缀往往改变单词的意思和词性。这个－ship，表示的是一种：关系，是那种抽象的关系，内在的关系。 Relation和relationship这两个词指关系时是相同的，尤其用于指事物之间的关系： Some doctors think there is a relation between smoking and lung cancer. 有些医生认为吸烟与肺癌有关连。 Scientists have researched into the relationship between smoking and lung cancer. 科学家曾研究吸烟与肺癌的关系。 There is no proof of the relation of crime to TV violence. 无证据显示罪案是和电视上的暴力有关的。 I am doubtless about the relationship of diligence to success. 我绝不怀疑勤奋与成功的关系。 “What relation is he to you?”“He is nephew to me./He is my nephew. ” “他和你有何关系？”“他是我的侄儿。” “What is his relationship to/with you?” “他和你有何关系？” （注：这句不能说成：“What is his relation to you?”） 在以上情况下，即使有分别，relation侧重形式上的关连，而 relationship却侧重密切的交往。例如： Johns relation with Mary is father and daughter. 约翰和玛丽是父母关系。 Johns relationship with Mary has improved. 约翰和玛丽的关系已改善了。 Relation和relationship最大分别在于relation用于较广，可带别的涵义，如： （一）加了s，变成复数的relations指密切交往上的关系而非形式上的关系。例： family relations、 business relations、foreign relations、friendly relations（但也可写成friendly relationship、a love－hate relationship）. （二）解作“亲属”，相等于relative。但一般已多用relative代替 relation： My niece is my near relation/relative. 我的侄女是我的近亲。 （三）用在固定词组里，如：in relation to（有concerning的含义）： He was arrested in relation to the murder case. 他涉及那桩谋杀案被拘捕。 Questions have been raised in relation to the legality of abortion. 对于堕胎的合法性有人提出质疑。 1．relation between sth. and sth. relation to sth. （人或者事物与他者之间的）关联，联系，关系。例如： The relation between time and results. 时间和成绩的关系。 It shows on relation to the rainfall. 它与降雨量没有任何关系。 2．in / with relation to sb. / sth. （正式）与某人 / 某事有关，涉及某人 / 某事。例如： Describe the location of the following lands, seas and cities in relation to New Zealand. 描述下列陆地、海洋、城市的地理位置和新西兰之间的关系。 3．relations between sb. / sth. and sb. /sth. relations with sb. /sth. （人，团体，国家等之间的）关系，联系，交往 diplomatic relations 外交关系 international relations 国际关系 business relations 业务关系 The friendly relations between our countries 我们国家之间的友好关系 He broke off relations with hi