国际贸易理论与实务——英语专业专用(英文版).doc

名词解释：5×4’=20分 1. International trade is the exchange of goods and services across national borders or territories. 2. General trade system is on the base of national boundary. The general trade system is in use when the statistical territory of a country coincides with its economic territory. 3. The Leontief Paradox refers to the conflict between the conclusion of H-O theory and actual certification. It was introduced by Wassily Leontief who was the pioneer of input-output economics in his Input-output Economics published in 1966. Leontief researched the labor and capital content of the USA imports and exports in 1947 and 1951. 4. GSP is a system currency in place where a large number of developed countries permit duty-free entry of a selected list of products if those products are imported from particular developing countries. This duty-free entry exists even though a positive tariff is levied if those products come in from developed countries, or other, richer developing countries. 5. Import Quota refers to the restriction imposed on import goods in terms of quantity and total value in a certain period. 6. “Voluntary” export restraints In a certain period (usually 3 to 5 years) the exporters take export quotas of some products voluntarily under the pressure or demand of importers. 7. Bill of exchange is an unconditional order in writing signed by the person (drawer), and addressed to another person (drawee), requiring the drawee to pay a stated sum of money to other person (payee) on demand，or at a fixed or determinable future time. 8. General Average is a legal principle of maritime law according to which allparties in a sea venture proportionally share any losses resulting from a voluntary sacrifice of part of the ship or cargo to save the whole in an emergency. 9. Collection means that the exporter asks his bank to collect payment from the importer. 问答题：9’×4=36分 1. What are the basic contents of Mercantilism? Background Economic: currency became th