大学英语专业材料.doc

1. That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of　descendants an individual will have and　hence the number of gene copies　transmitted. （难度系数5，下同） 译文：那种性别比例能在最大程度上增加一个个体所能拥有的后代数量，并因此能在最大程度上增加所传递到后代身上去的基因复制品的数量。 难句类型：倒装、省略 a 本句的正常语序应当是：That sex ratio which maximizes the number of descendnts an individuall will have and hence the number of gene copies transmited will be favored.但是因为主语That sex　ratio之后的以which引导的修饰它的定语从句，如果按照以上语序，则有头重脚轻之感。所以原文将此长长的从句倒装成谓语will be favored之后。 b ??在which引导的从句中，有两处省略：第一处在maximize的第一个宾语the number of descendants that an individuall will have中，　an individuall will have是修饰descendants的定语从句，但是，因为在从句中作have的宾语，所以引导词that可以省略。第二处省略是在第二个the number of 之前，省略了与前面一样的成分that sex ratio which maximizes. And hence在此表示后面的成分作为前面“最大化一个个体的后代的数目的”结果。 意群训练：That sex ratio will be favored which maximizes the number of　descendants an individual will have and　hence the number of gene copies　transmitted. 2. Hardy’s weakness derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energetic and　risky ones. （3） 译文：哈代的缺陷一方面缘起于他的某种明显的无能，无法控制好那皆不尽相同的创作冲动的穿梭往来；另一方面缘起于他不愿意去培养和维持那些富于生机活力和风险性强的创作冲动。 解释：介词from的宾语有两个并列的部分，由and所连接，在and之后的第二个from前，省略了前面一样的谓语动词derive。本句之所以难，有两个原因，一是derived from 后面的成分太长，初学者难以一下子看下来；二是作为一篇文科文章，用词抽象，难以迅速理解。 意群训练：Hardys weakenss derived from his apparent inability to control the comings and goings of these divergent impulses and from his unwillingness to cultivate and sustain the energyetic and risky ones. 3. Virginia Woolf’s provocative statement about her intentions in writing Mrs. Dalloway has regularly been　ignored by the critics，since it highlights an aspect of her literary interests very different from the traditional picture of the poetic novelist concerned with examining states　　of reverie and vision and with following the intricate pathways of individual consciousness. （5）译文：弗吉尼亚.伍尔夫（Virginia Woolf） 译文：在创作《黛洛维夫人》（Mrs. Dalloway）时有关其创