环境工程专业英语翻译环境工程专业英语翻译.doc

Unit one Environmental Engineering 环境工程 What is this book about？The objective of this book is to introduce engineering and science students to the interdisciplinary study of environment problems；their cause，why they are of concern，and how we can control them. The book includes: Description of what is meant by environment and environmental systems 描述环境和环境系统意味着什么 Information on the basic causes of environmental disturbances 关于引起环境干扰基础原因的基本信息 Basic scientific knowledge necessary to understand the nature of environmental problems and to be able to quantify them 理解环境问题本质，并能够定量计算它们所必要的基本科学知识 Current state of the technology of environmental control in its application to water，air and pollution problems Considerable gaps in our current scientific knowledge of understanding and controlling many of the complex interactions between human activities and nature 我们目前的科学知识在理解和控制人类活动和自然之间复杂的相互作用的科学知识上存在相当大的缺陷 Many environmental problems which could be eliminated or reduced by the application of current technology，but which are not dealt with because of society’s lack of will to do so，or in many instance because of a lack of resources to do so. Some important definitions 一些重要的定义 Where they are first used in this book，definitions are introduced in block form，as shown here，or printed in bold type. Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us；that which we can see，hear，touch，smell，and taste. System，according to webster’s dictionary，is defined as “a set or arrangement of things so related or connected as to form a unit or organic whole；as，a solar system，irrigation system，supply system，the world or universe”. Pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical，chemical，or biological characteristics of the air，water，or land that can harmfully affect the health，survival，or activities of humans or other living organisms. When the goal of improving environmental quanlity is taken to be improving human wellbeing，the word “environment” broadens