生态可持续发展(ESD)生态可持续发展(ESD).doc

Robert Omahen 罗伯特? 奥玛恩 19/11/01 Ecological economy 生态经济学 Thesis 论文 Ecologically Sustainable Development (ESD) – Rapidwall is one answer? 生态可持续发展（ESD）— 速成墙是一个答案吗？ Industrial Impacts 工业影响 Since the industrial revolution humans started to manufacture products and goods in a more efficient way, that causes cost and time reduction. New sorts of products have been discovered. Chemicals that are used, improve lifetime and durability. New shapes and applications are possible today. 自工业革命以来，人类开始以更为有效的方式制造产品和货物，这导致了成本和时间的减少。新种类的产品得以发现。使用的化工品改善了寿命和耐久性。新的外观和应用在今天已成为可能。 The same happened in the building industry. 同样的事情也发生在建筑工业。 There are a lot more possibilities in the manufacturing process. Companies are able to pre-manufacture building materials, that leads to a cost and time reduction for on site building. 在制造过程中有多得多的可能性。各公司能够预先制造建筑材料，导致现场的建筑成本和时间减少。 But all human activities have impacts on the nature. The economic process (production of goods and services) requires the use of natural equities, e.g. land and energy, and has influence on the nature (Buchholz Script p.1). The increase of business activities leads to higher pollution, than it was 200 years ago. 但所有的人类活动对自然界都有影响。经济过程（货物和服务的生产）需使用自然资源，例如土地和能源，并对自然界产生影响（）。商业活动的增加导致比200年前更高的污染。 Also building leaves impacts on the environment in many different ways. The procurement and processing of building materials, the energy that is used for construction and operation are only some examples. 还有，建筑以许多不同方式给环境带来影响。建筑材料的采购和加工、建造和运营所使用的能量仅是一些例子。 We could visualize the impacts as followed (Bill Lawson 1996, p. 15): 我们可以指出如下看得见的影响（比尔·劳森 1996年，15页）： Big Holes in the Ground 地上的大坑 Fouling the Nest 弄糟鸟巢 the Greenhouse Effect. 温室效应。 A big task is to keep the impacts as small as possible. In 1987, the United Nations World Commission on the Environment and Development produced a report entitled Our Common Future. The Brun