U4M4现在分词作状语公开课介绍.ppt

The ing-form used as adverbial -ing短语作状语称为现在分词短语作状语 现在分词短语作状语时，通常都表示主语正在进行的另一动作，来对谓语表示的主要动作加以修饰或作为陪衬． Relying on our own efforts, we overcame all the difficulties. Don’t just stand there doing nothing. 现在分词作状语有四种形式 1.一般形式，由动词原形＋ing构成． 2.完成形式，由having+过去分词． 3.进行被动式：由being＋过去分词 4.完成被动式：由having been＋过去分词构成 1.现在分词何时用一般形式? ⑴当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且和谓语动词同时发生，则用分词的一般形式． When he saw those picture ,he couldn’t help thinking f those memorable days in the war. =Seeing those pictures, he couldn’t help thinking of those memorable days in the war. ⑵如果分词表示的是一个极短暂的动作,这动作一发生,谓语表示的动作立即发生,也用分词的一般形式. Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy. Reaching home, he began writing his homework. Arriving at the hotel, she found them busy laying tables. 2.现在分词何时用完成形式？ 当分词的动作是由主语发出，而且发生在谓语动作之前，则用分词的完成形式． Having finished the class, she went home. =After she finished the class… Having worked among the peasants for many years, he knew them very well. 3.现在分词何时用进行被动式？ 当分词的动作由主语承受，而且分词的动作与谓语动词同时发生时． Being criticized by the employer, the new employee hung his head. 4.现在分词何时用完成的被动式？ 当分词表示的动作在谓语所表示的动作之前发生，且分词表示的动作由主语承受． Having been beaten by the farmer, the horse went away. Having been praised for his job, Tom worked harder. V-ing 形式的否定 Not+V-ing Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. Having been cut off from their source of supply, the guerrillas camped in the open and live on wild plants. 现在分词作状语相当于状语从句可表时间，原因，方式，伴随情况，结果或条件等 (1)相当于原因状语从句 a. Being ill, she didn’t go to school today. =As she was ill, … b. Having seen the film ,he didn’t go to the cinema with them. =Because he had seen the film ,… c. Feeling tired ，I went to bed early. =Because I felt tired, … d. Not knowing her address, we couldn’t get in touch with her. ＝Because we didn’t know her address, … Greatly interested, I asked to have a try myself. Delighted, the girls thought up many good ideas. （2）相当于时间状语从句 a. Walking in the street(=When I was walking in the street), I caught sight of