基于数字相关技术的泡沫金属吸能过程教案分析.doc

基于数字相关技术的泡沫金属吸能过程分摘要 泡沫金属作为新型多孔材料，以其轻质、消声、吸能、高比强度等多种优良特性，在汽车、建筑及航空等领域均发挥了重要作用。6061泡沫铝合金热处理强化可增强吸能效果，具有广泛的应用前景。 本课题对由填加造孔剂法制备的开孔泡沫铝进行准静态单轴压缩试验，并基于数字图像相关技术，使用非接触全场应变测量系统（VIC-3D）构建吸能过程中的三维位移场及应变场，对经过不同固溶温度和时效温度热处理强化的6061开孔泡沫铝合金的吸能性能进行了对比和研究。 实验结果表明，VIC-3D系统受外界噪声影响很小，其构建出的开孔泡沫铝三维位移场及应变场可以直观展现材料压缩过程中的全场变形机理，水平方向应变场的变化过程可以很好表征裂纹萌生及扩展机制。由填加造孔剂法制备的6061开孔泡沫铝合金的吸能特性对热处理的时效温度敏感性不高，最优固溶温度约为510oC。 关键词：泡沫铝；数字图像相关；应变场；吸能；热处理 As a new type of porous material who has lots of excellent properties including light weight, noise elimination, energy absorption and high strength, foamed metal plays an important role in fields of automobile, architecture and aviation, etc. 6061 aluminum alloy foam which has a better energy absorption performance after being heated for strengthening will be widely used. This paper illustrates the quasi-static uniaxial compression experiments of open cell aluminum foam made by space-holder preparation method. Based on the Digital Image Correlation technology, the 3D displacement field and strain field in the process of the energy absorption are constructed by using the non-contact full field strain measurement system (VIC-3D), to analyze and compare the mechanical performance and energy absorption of 6061 open aluminum alloy foams which are heated with different solid solution temperature or different aging temperature. The experiment results show that, the influence of external noise to VIC-3D system is little enough, 3D displacement field and strain field can demonstrate directly the deformation mechanism of aluminum foam during compression, and the evolution of its horizontal strain field can predict and reveal the mechanism of the crack growth and propagation during the compression. The energy absorption performance of 6061 open cell aluminum alloy foam prepared by space-holder method after heat treatment isn’t sensitive to the aging temperature, and the best solid solution temperature is about 510oC. 第1章绪论 1.1课题研究背景及意义 泡沫金属材料属于新型多孔材料，经过发泡处理在其内部形成大量气孔，这些