英汉互译实用教程 精简笔记英互译实用教程 精简笔记.doc

一 翻译概论 译者合格条件 五条：1.外文水平高 2.中文水平高 3.知识面广 4.政治觉悟较高5.熟悉基本的翻译技巧 A brief introduction to the history of translation in china Translation in china has a long history of about two thousand years. During the centuries, quite a number of world-famous translators in China appeared one after another and they made great contributions to China as well as to the world in the development of translation. See the following facts: The Eastern Han – the Northern and Southern Dynasties (25—581) China invited foreigners or the foreigners came to China by themselves to translate Buddhist Scripture. Among them were An Shigao （An Qing）from Persia (now Iran ), Indu Dharmarakcha and Kumarajiva form India. The Sui Dynasty (581—618) – the Tang Dynasty (618—907): Golden Age of Translation in Ancient China. Three giants in translating Buddhist Scripture appeared: Xuan Zang ( the Tang Dynasty ) Kumarajiva (the Eastern Jin Dynasty ) 鸠摩罗什 Paramatha (also called Gunarata ) ( N. S. Dynasties) 真谛 （波罗末他） The Ming Dynasty (1368—1644) Xu Guangqi ( 徐光启), a Chinese and M. Ricci, ( 利玛窦) an Italian cotranslated Euclid’s Elements (or: Euclid’s Elementorum ) The Qing Dynasty (1644—1911 ) There were great translators like Yan Fu and Lin Shu Lin Shu: 1 Camille ( or: La Dame aux Camelias ) ( 《巴黎茶花女遗事》) 2 Uncle Tom’s Cabin ( 《黑奴吁天录》) 3 David Copperfield ( 《块肉余生述》) Yan Fu: 1 Evolution and Ethics and Other Essays by T. H. Huxley (《天演论》) 2 An Inquiry Into the Nature and Cause of the Wealth of Nations by A. Smith (《原富》) 3 On Liberty by J. S. Mill (《群己权界论》) 4 A History of Politics by E. Jenks (《社会通诠》) 习题 1.Yan Fu’s 3-word translation criteria are faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance. （严氏三字真言） 2. The two words used as the common criteria of translation in China today are faithfulness and smoothness. 3. Translation is a representation or recreation in one language of what is written or said in another language, not only an art but also a science. (what is meant by translation?) 4.