高中英语语法--定语从句高中英语语法--定语从句.doc

高中英语语法 定语从句定语形容词 名词 前置定语后置定语名词，代词，数词，分词，副词，不定式以及介词短语先行词被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。 关系词 关系词3个作用：(1)引导定语从句。(2)代替先行词。(3)在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. The film which they went to see last night was not interesting at all. The reason why he failed the examination is that he had not made any preparation for it. I love a room whose window is large. This is my friend Wang Gang about whom my father told me a lot. 二、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式上 不用逗号和主句隔开 用逗号和主句隔开 意义上 是先行词不可缺少的定语， 不能删除 是对先行词的补充说明， 删除后意思仍完整 译法上 翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…” 通常翻译成主句的并列句 关系词的使用上 做宾语时可省略可用that 可用who代替whom 不可省 不用that 不用who代替whom （一）限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1．当先行词是anything, everything, nothingsomething, few, all, none, little, some等代词时，或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时（重点：常考！） (1) Have you taken down everything that Mr. Li has said? (2) There seems to be nothing that seems impossible for him in the world. (3) All that can be done has been done. (4) There is little that I can do for you. 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰 (1) The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时 (1) This is the best film that I have seen. 4. 当先行词被the very, the only , the last修饰时（重点：常考！） (1) This is the very dictionary that I want to buy, (2) After the fire in his house, the old car is the only thing that he owned. 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who (3) Wang Hua is the only person in our school who will attend the meeting/ 5. 当先行词前面有who, which等疑问代词时 (1) Who is the man that is standing there? (2) Which is the T-shirt that fits me most? 6. 当先行词既有人，也有动物或者物体时 (1) Can you remember the scientist and his theory that we have learned? 7.当关系代词在定语从句中做表语 (1)The village is no longer the one that it used to be 10 years ago. 8.当在there be句型中，通常情况下用that，不用which （二）（）’t work hard at their studies won’t pass the exam. He is one who has strong will to do everything to his best. （三）关系代词as和which 1．s和which (1) as引导限制性定语从句，仅限于先行词前面有so, suc