nature翻译nature翻译.docx

Preferential Loss of Fhit Expression in Signet-RingCell and Krukenberg Subtypes of Gastric CancerGastric cancer is a leading cause of cancer deathin the world despite a trend toward decreasingincidence in most countries (Fuchs and Mayer, 1995).Markedly clinical and biologic heterogeneity has beennoted among different subtypes of gastric cancer.Gastric cancer consists of intestinal and diffuse subtypes according to Lauren’s classification (Lauren,1965) and can be categorized as signet-ring cell andnon–signet-ring cell cancer according to the WorldHealth Organization (WHO) histologic classification(Oota and Sobin, 1990). Different subtypes of gastriccancer differ not only in morphology but also in theirclinical and epidemiologic characteristics.尽管胃癌在全世界各国的发病率逐年下降但仍是导致肿瘤死亡的重要原因，不同亚型的胃癌存在显著的临床及生物学异质性。根据WHO组织学分类，劳伦斯分类将胃癌可分为印戒细胞癌及非印戒细胞癌，不同亚型的胃癌差异不仅在形态,也在他们的临床和流行病学特征。The intestinal subtype of gastric cancer predominates in high-risk populations, is more frequentlyfound in elderly patients, and is characterized by ahistologic pattern that mimics large-bowel adenocarcinoma. The diffuse type of gastric cancer is lesscommon, occurring in relatively low-risk populationsand mostly in younger individuals or those of bloodtype A (Wu et al, 1997). Different precancerous lesionsprobably exist for these two types. The intestinal typeof gastric cancer follows the proposed sequentialchanges from gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia to cancer. The signet-ring cell subtype of gastric cancer is so named because of the shape of thetumor cells and is characterized by infiltration ofindividual cells.肠道亚型胃癌在高风险人群中占主导地位，在老年人群中更加频繁的被发现，其特点就是模拟大肠腺癌的组织学模式的。弥漫型胃癌是不常见的通常发生在低危人群及大多数是A型血的年轻人。不同的癌前病变主要有两类。肠型胃癌遵循胃炎，肠上皮化生及异生性癌。印戒细胞癌亚型胃癌之所以这样称是因为肿瘤的形状及单个细胞渗透的特点Gastric cancer of youth is predominantly a diseaseof women, especially among Asians (Tamura andCurtiss, 1960). It is usually of the signet-ring cell ratherthan the glandforming subtype and has a predilectionfor metastasizing to the ovari