有机化学七年制复习案例.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 3. Amphoteric ionization zwitterion (inner salt) Amino acids are ionic compounds under normal condition High melting point 两性离子（内盐） Miscible with water, but quite insoluble in typical nonpolar organic solvents * pHpI pH=pI pHpI formula direction of electrophoresis cathode no movement anode charge state + / * Enamine, 烯胺 Keto acid, 酮酸 * Ruhemann’s purple 罗曼紫 * 3. Denaturation（变性）: The destructure of the higher order structure of a protein (not involve with primary structure), sometimes reversible, sometimes not. * 17-6. 写出下列反应中的反应产物 P. 248 * cystine * 17-12. 某三肽A用亚硝酸处理后并经部分水解得?-羟基-?-苯基丙酸和二肽B。将B用酸水解可得两种产物C和D，其中C无旋光性。D用亚硝酸处理得到乳酸，若C不处在A的氨端和羧端，试写出A的结构、名称、缩写及有关反应式。 解： ?-羟基-?-苯基丙酸 N端 C无旋光性 A 苯丙氨酰甘氨酰丙氨酸， F-G-A Phe-Gly-Ala, * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 三、化学性质（反应） * Piperidine（哌啶） * * (2) Nitration * (3) Sulfonylation P. 192 * 此反应可用于从有机物中除去噻吩，或是用于提纯噻吩。 * (4) Friedel-Crafts acylation（傅-克酰化反应） , BF3 * Chapter 15 Lipids ?-Designation ω-Designation ?-linolenic acid, ?-亚麻酸, 18:3 cis?9,12,15 ?-linolenic acid, 18:3 cis? 3,6,9 * linoleic acid, ?-linolenic acid and arachidonic acid are essential fatty acids（必需脂肪酸）. general structure formula of oils and fats * Saponification number: The amount (mg) of KOH that can hydrolyze 1g oils and fats completely. (P. 205) We can use the saponification number to deduce the average molecular weight of oils and fats approximately. saponification number average molecular weight content of low molecular weight oils and fats large small small large high low * Iodine number: the amount of iodine (g) which be absorbed by 100g oils and fats. Iodine number can be used to deduce the unsaturated degree of o