动词的时态和语态课件-1.ppt

动词的时态和语态 英语动词共有16种时态，最基本常用的有： 现在： 过去： 将来： 一般现在时，现在完成时，现在进行时，现在完成进行时 一般过去时，过去完成时，过去进行时，（过去完成进行时） 一般将来时，将来完成时，将来进行时，（将来完成进行时） 一般现在时： 1. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在 的状态、特征、能力、客观存在或真 理。句中常用always, often, usually, sometimes, every day 等时间状语 Tom goes to work every day.（经常的动作）The machine runs smoothly. (特征)He is very happy. (现在的状态)The earth moves around the sun. (客观真理) 一般现在时态的特殊用法： 1. 在时间和条件状语从句中，用一般现在 时态表示将来的动作。 I’ll go to see you when I have time.I’ll go to see you if I have time tomorrow. 2. 某些动词，如：stand, continue,  wish, love, like, hate, feel, find,  think等常用一般现在时态 He loves nature.I wish to be back soon. 现在完成时态： 2. 表示过去某一动作对现在造成的影响,谓 语动词常为非延续性的动词。 1. 表示从过去某一时间一直延续到现在的 动作或状态，常用延续性的动词。 I have sat hours in the classroom reading a novel.The weather has been cold so far this winter. Have you ever considered moving to the south?I have locked the door. 现在进行时态： 1. 表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。 Are the students dancing? Look, some swans are flying past! 2. 表示目前这段时间正在发生的动作。 He is writing his new novel these days. Those Americans are learning Chinese in Beijing. 现在完成进行时态：have / has been doing 1. 表示发生在过去，一直持续到现在的 动作，强调动作的连续不停顿。 Tom has been working hard since the new term began.Where have you been living these years? 2. 表示不久前刚结束的动作。 Sorry, I’m late. How long have  you been waiting here? 补充说明：下列动词没有进行时态： 1. 表示状态的动词： seem, look(看起 来),appear, have(有)，belong to，  own, hold(容纳) This book belongs to me.He appears very angry. 2. 表示知道、信念、理解、知识、推测、 怀疑、希望等含义的动词，如：know,  forget, remember, understand,  see，think，believe, hope, doubt 等 I don’t understand why he did it.I hope I can pass the exam. 一般过去时态： 1. 表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态 或过去反复发生的动作。常与表示过去 的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, last  week ,during the night He suddenly fell ill yesterday.He worked in a factory in 2004. 2. 表示过去经常做的动作 When I was in the countryside, I often had a long walk after supper. 过去完成时态： I had studied in Beijing for three years by then.Until then he