[枳壳的化学成分.doc

枳壳的化学成分、以及药理作用、治疗作用 摘要：枳壳中的三大有效成分分别是挥发油类、黄酮苷类、生物碱类，分析并测定它们的化学成分。例如：建立顶空液相微萃取/气相色谱-质谱联用测定枳壳中有机挥发物的方法；利用高效液相色谱与电喷雾质谱联用技术研究枳壳中的黄酮苷类化合物；在酸性介质中，高锰酸钾可氧化生物碱产生化学发光，因此建立了高锰酸钾化学发光体系测定生物碱的方法。了解枳壳的治疗作用，理气宽中，行滞消胀。通过查阅资料，分析其中主要成分柠檬烯、芳樟醇、川皮陈素、辛弗林、N-甲基酪胺等的药理作用。 关键词：枳壳；挥发油；黄酮苷；生物碱；柠檬烯；芳樟醇；辛弗林；N-甲基酪胺；化学作用；药理作用。 Chemical Composition、Pharmacological Activities and Treatment Function of Fructus Aurantii Li Biyun Jiangxi Normal University, College of Life Science Abstract :The three effective components of Fructus Aurantii are volatile oil 、flavonoid glycosides and alkaloid .Analysis and determine their chemical ingredients . For example ,a novel method has been developed for the determination of volatile organic compounds in a traditional Chinese medicine Fructus Aurantii by headspace liquid-phase micro-extraction coupled with gas chromatography mass spectrometry ; A high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometric method is developed for analysis and identification of flavoniod glycosides extracts from Fructus Aurantii ; A method is established for the determination of alkaloids in Fructus Aurantii based on acidic potassium permanganate chemiluminescence , the optimum conditions for the chemiluminescence , the optimum conditions for the chemiluminescence , the optimum conditions for the chemiluminescence reaction between alkaloids and potassium permanganate are studied in detail . Understand the treatment function of Fructus Aurantii , regulating qi-flowing and relieving flatulence . By consulting material , analyse the pharmacdogical activities of Limonene、Linalool、Nobiletin、Synephrine and N-methyltyamine. Key word: Fructus Aurantii; Limonene; Linalool; Synephrine; N-methyramine; Cheical Composition; Pharmacological Activites. 引言 枳壳（Fructus Aurantii）为芸香科植物酸橙(Citrus Aurantium.L)及其栽培变种的干燥成熟果实。7月自中部横切为两半，晒干或①绿衣枳壳近成熟果实，呈半圆球形，直径约2～3.5厘米。外皮橙褐色或绿散有众多小油点及网状隆起的皱纹，密被细果实顶端的一面有明显的残基，基部的一面有果柄痕或残留短果柄。横切面果皮厚4～6毫米，黄白色，沿外缘有1～2列棕黄色油点；瓤囊6～8瓣干缩呈棕褐色；中心柱宽4～6毫米。气