浅谈宋词的流派2.doc

浅谈宋词的流派 [摘? 要]宋词是我国古典文学中的经典，是文学大花园中的奇葩。她以姹紫嫣红，千姿百态的丰神，与唐诗争奇，与元曲斗妍，历来与唐诗并称双绝，都代表一代文学之盛。宋词从兴起到极盛经历了很长一段时间，在这一由不成熟到成熟，从艳科到正统地位的确立过程中，词人们作出了很多的努力和探索，并且形成了代表自己风格的流派。学史上，一般将宋词分为三大流派：以柳永、秦观、周邦彦、李清照等人为代表的婉约派；以苏轼、辛弃疾、张孝祥，张元干等人为代表的豪放派；以姜夔、吴文英、张炎等人为代表的醇雅派。其中婉约派和豪放派当属词派中的主打。 [关键词]宋词；宋词流派；婉约派；豪放派；醇雅派 Introduction To Shool Of Song lyrics Liu caizhen [Abstract] Song lyrics is classic in the classical literature of China, it is the unique literary in the big garden. AS beautiful flower, it fills with abundant god, struggles wonderfully with the Tang poem, fights beautifully with the Yuan verse, always and calls the outstanding in both fields with the Tang poem, represents a generation of literature. Song lyrics from the rise to the zenith experienced a long period of time, from immature to mature, colorful Branch to the legitimacy of the establishment of the process, the word that people make a lot of effort and exploration, and formed their own behalf style genre. History, general Song lyrics can be divided into three schools: as always, Qin guan ,Zhou bangyan, representative of Li qingzhao composed faction; By su shi and xin qiji, Zhang Xiaoxiang, representative of Zhang Yuangan bold faction; In, wuwenyings, zhang yan and other people on behalf of elegance. The composed faction and bold faction is the word in the main. [Keywords] Song lyrics ; Song lyrics school; Composed faction; Bold faction ; elegance faction 一、词的兴起 隋唐时代，人们开始将当时流行的诗歌配上曲子歌唱，或者专门写诗作为配乐歌唱的歌词，时间长了，人们在写作歌词时，便有意按照曲子的要求，写一些句子长短不同的诗，这就是“词”的雏形。由于一首词中句子有长有短，因此又名“长短句”。 晚唐五代，“词代诗兴”这一文学发展奇观，古人已多有体认和揭示。如南宋初期的王灼在其《碧鸡漫志》卷二中说：“唐末五代，文章之陋极矣，独乐章可喜，虽乏高韵，而一种奇巧，各自立格，不相冶袭。” 又如南宋著名诗人陆游在为《花间集》写的跋语中也说：“唐自大中后，诗家日趋浅薄......会有倚声作词者，本欲花间易晓，颇摆落故态，适于六朝跌宕意气差近......大中以后，诗衰而倚声作。” 到了宋代，诗虽然也有所发展，但这种文学形式毕竟有它的限制，而词的长短句形式，用字不避俚俗，却使创作者有较多的自由；同时，词比诗更富于音乐性和节奏，更适于吟唱