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B第八篇Why India Needs Its Dying Vultures(The vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp?_dedine__?in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental? problem ?The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the?birds. It is also causing serious public health problems?_across__?the Indian sub-continent. While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians，vultures have_long__played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is__because__they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are?_traditionally_?left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year. The disappearance of the vultures has?_led to_?an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may?_increase_?as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the?__future__. The need for action is?__urgent__, so an emergency project has been launched to?__find to__?a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds，deaths and, if possible, develop a cure. Large-scale vulture?__deaths__?were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined?__by_?over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as “critically endangered”. As most vultures lay only single eggs and?__take__?about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise. B第九篇：Wonder WebsSpider webs are more than homes, and they are ingenious traps. And the world’s best web s