英语国家文化考试英语国家文化考试.doc

British higher education U.S. higher education compare British higher education Higher education is education provided by universities and other institutions that award academic degrees Both the teaching and the research activities Both the undergraduate and the graduate level Long History Oxford and Cambridge date from the 12th and 13th century. St Andrews, Glasgow, Edinburgh and Aberdeen in the 14th and 15th century. The rest in 19th and 20th century Types of Degree A three-level hierarchy of degrees (Bachelor, Master, Doctor) is currently used in the UK. The British Bachelors Degree typically takes three years to complete. This is different from many other countries that typically take four years. The main reason is that UK students (except in Scotland) spend a year longer in High School than in many countries. As a result, they have already covered a lot of the material typically taught in the first year at university in other countries. This is the reason why many international students will require an International Foundation Program before progressing onto the first year of a UK degree. Types of Undergraduate Degree include: BSc (Bachelor of Science), BA (Bachelor of Arts), BEng (Bachelor of Engineering). A Masters degree takes a minimum of one year to complete. Types of Masters Degree: MSc (Master of Science), MA (Master of Arts), MEd (Master of Education), MBA (Master of Business Administration). After usually three years’ further study beyond the Master’s Degree, the candidate may present a thesis for the Doctorate of Philosophy (Ph.D.). All doctorates granted by British universities are research doctorates. Famous Groups of Universities One is the “Red Brick” group comprising the six universities in the industrial cities of Birmingham, Bristol, Leeds, Manchester, Liverpool and Sheffield. These were founded in the Victorian era and achieved university status prior to World War II. The focus on practicality U