词汇学Chapter 3.doc

I. Choose the best answer and then put the letter of your choice in the brackets. 1. Words are but symbols, many of which have meaning only when they have acquired _____. A. associations B. reference C. concepts D. motivation 2. Reference is the relationship between language and _____. A. the world B. the context C. the sense D. the concept 3. A concept is universal to all men alike regardless of _____. A. culture B. race C. language D. all the above 4. Meaning and concept are _____. A. unrelated B. identical C. connected D. same 5. Unlike reference, “sense” denotes the relationships _____. A. inside the language B. outside the language C. between the language D. between symbols and things 6. _____ accounts for the connection between the linguistic symbol and its meaning. A. Concept B. Motivation C. Reference D. Sense 7. Most words can be said to be _____. A. non-motivated B. related C. motivated D. logical 8.The word “hopeless” with the meaning of “without hope” is a _____ motivated word. A. semantically B. morphologically C. phonetically D. historically 9.Lexical meaning and _____ meaning make up the word-meaning. A. grammatical B. conceptual C. semantic D. associative 10.Conceptual meaning is also known as _____ meaning. A. connotative B. collocative C. affective D. denotative II. Complete the following statements with proper words or expressions given in the course book. 1. Although reference is a kind of abstraction, yet with the help of _____, it can refer to something specific. 2. By means of _____, a speaker indicates which things in the world are being talked about. 3. Concept, which is beyond _____, is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind. 4. The sense of an expression is its place in a system of _____ relationships with other expressions in the language. 5. Semantic motivation explains the connection between the _____ sense and figurative sense of the word. 6. Lexical meaning itself has two componen