[英语翻译课堂笔记.docx

英语翻译B的定语从句一的要点中英文中定语的位置差异中文定语一般前置，英文中一般后置。例如：This is a agreement beneficial to all the parties. 这是一份对各方都有利的协议。（2）英译汉的主要步骤三步曲：断句、翻译和重读例如：on the whole/, such a conclusion can be draw/ with a certain degree of confidence/, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test/ as the others/ with whom he is being compared /and only if he was punished by lack of relevant information/ which they possessed.翻译：总体上来说，可以得出这样一种结论，结论的得出需要一定程度的信心，但是只要假设这个小孩对于测试和其他人一样拥有相同的态度。这个小孩与其他人相比而言，也只要他没有因为缺少相关信息而受到惩罚，其他小孩拥有。重读后的翻译：总体上来说，得出这样一种结论需要一定的信心，但是只要这个小孩对于测试的态度和与之相比较的其他小孩子的态度相同，也只要他没有因为缺少别的孩子所拥有的相关信息而得到惩罚。（3）英文中介词翻译成中文的方法介词译为副词例如：there is a book on the desk. 桌子上有本书。介词on 译为….上。介词以为动词例如：I went to the Paris by plane. 我坐飞机去巴黎。介词by译为动词坐。（4）中英文句式的差异 中英文句式的第一个差异：中文善于用短句且注重用标点符号；而英文善于用长句，不注重标点符号的使用。 例如：The Greeks assumed that/ the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought,/ which took roots in Europe/ long before people realized how diverse language could be.希腊人认为，语言的结构和思想之间存在某种联系，而这种观点早在人们认识到语言的多样性之前就已经在欧洲植根了。或是英文中通常用长句，但是用了很多的逗号。例如：Aluminum remained unknown until the nineteenth century, because nowhere in nature is it found free, owing to its always being combined with other elements, most commonly with oxygen ,for which it has a strong affinity.因为通常来说，铝与其他元素相结合，最通常的就是和氧相结合，因为铝和氧有很强的亲和力，所以，在自然界找不到游离态的铝，因此铝直到19世纪才为人类所发现。 中英文句式的第二个差异：中文的句式结构：先出主语+无关紧要的语句+最重要成分英文的句式结构：先出主语+最重要成分+无关紧要的语句例如：the teachers come into the classroom with a book and a dog. 老师带着一本书和一条狗走进了教室。（5）定语从句的译法 定语从句有三种译法：前置、后置和句首。句首的译法例如：中国作为一个发展中的大国高度重视中美两国之间的友谊。 As a major developing country, China attaches great importance to the bilateral relations between China and America.（6）循环套用定语从句的翻译方法 Behaviorists suggests/ that the Child/ who is raised in an environment/ where there are many stimuli/ which develop his or her capacity for appropriate response/ will experience intellectual development.主语+v.+宾语从句（无虚拟语气）：认为Noun.+attributive1+attributive2+attributive31+2=31=2+31=2