[英语词汇正误辨析5.doc

词组 例句 ache ◆他胃痛。 误：His stomach is ached. 正：His stomach is aching. 析：ache 用作动词，是不及物动词，因此没有被动语态。 ◆他经常头痛, 她经常胃痛。 误：He often gets headache and she often gets stomache. 正：He often gets headaches and she often gets stomaches. 析：ache 用作名词多用于复合词中：headache 头痛 / toothache 牙痛 / stomachache 胃痛 / backache 背痛 / earache 耳痛 等，在这些带有 -ache 的复合词中, headache 是一个规则的可数名词(可连用a, 也可有复数), 而其它的词则用作可数或不可数名均可(在美国英语中多为可数名词)：He is suffering from toothache(s).(他患牙痛)。 achieve ◆他实现了他的目标——写一本书。 误：He reached his aim—to write a book. 正：He achieved his aim—to write a book. 析：表示“实现目标”，通常用 achieve an aim, 不用 reach。 ◆车速达到了每小时100英里。 误：The car achieved a speed of 100 mph. 正：The car reached a speed of 100 mph. 析：achieve 一般与令人愉快的事(如:成功、成就等)连用, 不要受汉语影响滥用此词表示一般意义的“达到”, 但是我们可以说: On the test drive he achieved the speed of 200 mph.(在 驾驶测试中他开车的速度达到了每小时200英里-----因为在驾 驶测试中, 车速也是测试的项目之一)。 acknowledge ◆他们承认被打败了。 误：They acknowledged to be [to have been] defeated. 正：They acknowledged having been defeated. 正：They acknowledged that they were defeated. 析：acknowledge(承认)后可接动名词或 that从句，但一般不接不定式。 ◆我承认你说的是真的。 误：I acknowledge your statement for true. 正：I acknowledge your statement as true. 正：I acknowledge your staetment to be true. 正：I acknowledge that your statement is true. 析：acknowledge sth 后通常可接 as 或 to be，但不能将其改为介词 for。 accommodation ◆这个城市的住房很贵。 误：An accommodation is expensive in this city. 正：Accommodation is expensive in this city. 正：Accommodations are expensive in this city. 析：accommodation 表示“住处”、“住宿”、“膳宿”等，在英国英语中是不可数名词，但在美国英语中通常用复数，一般不与不定冠词连用。如：This hospital has accommodation(s) for 500 patients.(这家医院有五百个床位)。They providegood accommodation(s).他们提供很好的膳宿服务。 accompany ◆他坚持要陪她去车站。 误：He insisted on accompanying her to go to the station. 正：He insisted on accompanying her to the station. 析：表示陪某人去某地，只说 accompany sb to a place即可，通常不说 accompany sb to do sth。 ◆我陪你去。 误：I will accompany with you. 正：I will accompany you. 析：accompany(陪伴, 伴随)是及物动词，其后无需用介词。又如：Thunder accompanies lighting.(雷声伴着闪电)。但是, 用于被动语态的 accompany 后面可接介词