[研究生英语第二单元CancerChemicals课件.ppt

Unit two Cancer Chemicals Contents 1、The author 2、text structure 3、Difficult sentences 4、This article appreciate 5、Background and extended knowledge The author text structure Part1(1-5):The proposition 65 ,the state’s Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act,began to be implemented. And Bruce Ames had planted to slaughter sacred cows. He has a different message : the levels of most man-made carcinogens are generally so low that any danger is trivial compared with the levels of natural carcinogens . text structure Part2(6-14):This part introduce the process of Ames’s cancer research .Ames’s test is a remarkable achievement . Part3(15-17):There are some opinions against Ames . And Ames restates that we can’t spend all our time chasing trivia at the price of giving up the whole chemical industry . Main idea Most man-made cancer risks are trivial compared with daily natural risks .If you spend all your time chasing trivia,you lose sight of the important risks. Difficult sentences But Bruce Ames,chairman of the department of biochemistry at the University of California at Berkeley,had plans to liven the proceedings. (paragraph 2 the second sentence) Analysis: chairman of the department of biochemistry 引导非限定性定语从句。非限定性定语从句在形式上就与主句很松散，它与主句之间有一个逗点，隔开；它对其先行词没有限定、修饰的作用，只起补充、说明的作用。有时也用它来对全句进行补充、说明。即使将其去掉，也不会影响句子意思。由于上述原因，非限定性定语从句在表达意思方面也有别于限定性定语从句。另外，非限定性定语从句在中文译文里，我们往往将其作为一个分句处理，而不把它作定语翻译。translation：但加州大学伯克利分校生物化学系系主任布鲁斯·爱姆兹却计划使会议开的更有生气。 Difficult sentences Even his critics say the Ames test—his simple，inexpensive laboratory procedure that helps determine whether a substance might cause cancer—is a remarkable achievement. （paragraph 6 the last sentence） Analysis:这里两个破折号用在一个解释性的插入语前面和后面，相当于一个括号，在本句中解释The test。 translation：甚至爱姆兹的批评者也认为他的试验是一项了不起的成就，这种试验是在实验室中进行的一种物美价廉的操作方法，它有助于检测一种物质是否能引起癌症。 Difficult sentences Based on animal tests of nearly 1000 chemicals，the data show that daily consumption of the average peanut-butter sandwich，which contains traces of a