[高考复习动词的时态和语态.ppt

2. 特殊结构的被动形式 (1) 双宾动词的被动结构 双宾动词变为被动结构时, 一般将主动结构中的间接宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 直接宾语不变。如将主动结构中的直接宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 间接宾语之前则应加介词to或for。 (2) 带复合宾语的动词的被动结构 带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (3) 带情态动词的被动语态，由“情态动词 +be +及物动词的过去分词”构成。 e.g. The problem may be solved in a number of different ways. In our school, library books must be returned in two weeks. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (4)“be＋过去分词＋不定式”式的被动结构 e.g. He is reported to have broken a world record. She is said to know three languages. Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (5) “it＋be＋过去分词＋从句”式的被动结构 e.g. It’s said that she has some supernatural powers. It’s reported that they have discovered a new star. 常见的结构还有： It is known that...众所周知 It is suggested that...有人建议 It is believed that...人们相信 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. (6) “get＋done”构成被动语态 此种形式用来表示状态或情况, 常考的形式如下： get married 结婚；get engaged 订婚； get hurt/wounded 受伤；get lost 迷路； get drunk 喝醉了； get caught/stuck/trapped 被困； get dressed 穿好衣服； get run over 被(车)轧等。 Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Client Profile 5.2.0.0. Copyright 2004-2011 Aspose Pty Ltd. 3. 主动形式表示被动意义 ★一些感官动词，如feel, sound, smell, look, taste等用作系动词时。如： It tastes strongly of mint. ★说明主语的性质、特点的动词，如read, write, cut, sell, wash, wear, lock等，其主语往 往是物。如： The pen he bought yesterday writes smoothly. ★在“be +形容词+不定式”结构中，不定式与句 子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系时。用于此结 构的形容词常见的有：difficult, hard, easy, light, heavy, expensive, cheap, pleasant, Evaluation only. Created with Aspose.Slides for .NET 3.5 Cli