初高中衔接英语语音知识解析.doc

初高中衔接英语语音知识 许多初中学生甚至高中学生没有很好地以拼读规则识记单词,往往事倍功半,吃力不讨巧。究其原因,一是初中时期没好好学习英语语音知识,二是实践中没有利用所学拼读规则去识记单词,上高中前补上这方面的知识尤为重要,否则就先输在起跑线上 II. 语音知识 1. 关于语音的几个概念 1)? 字母：语言的书写形式。元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,2)? 音标：词的语音形式。3)? 音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。4)? 音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。apple, student, teach-er, understand5)? 元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不受阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。6)? 辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。7)? 开音节：a) （辅音） +元音+辅音+e name bike home due; b) (辅音+)元音 I， a, he, go, hi 8)? 闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it, at9)? 重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。 2. 元音： ， 1) [i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling 2) [i] sit, build, miss, myth? 3) [e] bed, desk, head,? again, says,said4) [?] bad, land, bank, stamp? 5) [ɑ:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, half, bath, after aunt,are6) [?] hot, stop, bomb want,?what, watch, 7) [?:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, quarter autumn, court, bought, caught?broadcast, almost, also,salt worn(wear) 8) [u:] choose, do, move, lose, improve, who, blue, soup,?too, two, shoe, tomb9) [u] look, good, wood, foot, hood, put, bull, bush, full, bullet, woman, could? grew10) [?] cup, but, shut, come, cover, brotherr, onion, front, other, blood, flood, country, rough? 11) [?:] her, girl, serve, nurse,?earth, heard, were work, worse worth 12) [?] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday? 13) [ei] cake, they, play, afraid, eight, straight, great,?break14) [ai] bike, die, (n)either, light, try, child, find, height, eye? 15) [?u] phone, cold, both, host, roll, quote, comb, toe, boat, soul, grow? 16) [au] house, how, town? 17) [?i ] boy, oil, soil? 18) [i?] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,? atmosphere19) [??] pear, care, there, air, fair? 20) [u?] tour, poor,  容易混淆的元音1) [e] [?] bed bad; men, man; pen, pan; lend land? 2) [i:] [ei] real rail; greet, great; mean, main; read raid? 3) [e] [ai] bet bite; red write; said side, head, hide? 4) [au] [?:] house horse; loud lord; south sauce; now nor; count corn; cloud clause? 5) [au] [? ] found fon