介词和介词短语分析.ppt

介词和介词短语也是高考的一个必考点，每年都保持在一至两个题目，命题形式除了单项填空外还在完形填空、语法填空、短文改错中进行考查，其考点主要涉及常用介词的用法区别，介词与动词、名词、形容词等的常见搭配，介词在特定语境中的选用和介词短语的用法等。掌握介词必须要立足基本用法，广泛记忆，细心体会比较。 一、考查介词的基本用法 常考介词有：about, across, against, without, among, at, by, beyond, for, from, in, into, of, on, over, through, to, with等。 【考例】 1. A serious study of physics is impossible _____ some knowledge of mathematics. ?(2013新课标全国卷II) A. against ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? B. before C. beyond???? ??????????? D. without D 二、介词与其它词的习惯搭配 【考例】Before you pay a visit to a place of interest, look in your local library _____ a book about it.? (安徽2013) A. on????? ??? ????????????? B. at????????????? C. for????? ??? ????????????? D. to C 三、介词短语辨析 【考例】Mrs. Smith finds it hard to clear up the mess, as her children are always _____ whenever she tries to.? (福建2013) A. in the way ??????????????? B. on watch C. in sight ?????????????????? D. on the line A 2015年对介词和介词短语辨析的考查依然是考试的重点。 用适当的介词填空。 ① Nick, it’s good for you to read some books ____ China before you start your trip there. ② Im sorry I didn’t phone you, but I’ve been very busy _____ the past couple of weeks. ③ Graduation is a good time to thank those who have helped you _________ the tough years. on over through ④ With new technology, pictures of underwater valleys can be taken ____ color. ⑤ Shirley, a real book lover, often brings home many books to read _____ the library. in from 介词无法在句中独立担当成分，其后一般接名词、代词或动词-ing形式，还可接不定式（如：except, but）或that引导的从句作宾语，构成介词短语，有时还可接另外一个介词短语（如：from among the trees）。 一、介词的分类 1. 从结构上分，可分为：简单介词（如：at, in, on, for, over, up）、合成介词（如：inside, outside, within, without）、以-ing结尾的介词（如：concerning, including, excluding, following）和短语介词（如：according to, because of, apart from, in case of）。 2. 从含义上分，可分为表示时间（如：at, in, on, before, between）、地点（如：at, in, on, under, behind）、趋向（如：to / towards, across, off, up）、原因（如：for, with, due to）、让步（如：despite, in spite of）和条件（如：in case of, without, but for）等的介词。 1 核心介词用法解析 1)表示“时间”的介词 (1) at，on，in at：用在钟点、黎明、正午、黄昏、午夜、节日等时间名词前或表示一段时间的开头或结尾。