美国文学名词解释美文学名词解释.doc

Terms Part 1: Colonial and Revolutionary Period Separatists ①In the colonial period, the Puritans who gone to extreme were known as “Separatists”. ②Unlike the majority of Puritans, they saw no hope of reforming the Church of England from within. They felt that the influence of politics and the court had led to corruptions within the church. They wished to break free from the Church of England. ③Among them was the Plymouth plantation group. They wished to follow Calvin’s model, and to set up “particular” churches. Puritans/pilgrims ①It refers to the people who believed in Puritanism. ② In England they wanted to “purify” the Church of England and was prosecuted. ③They accept the doctrine and practice of predestination, original sin and total depravity and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from god. Pilgrim Fathers ①They were the people, mostly Puritans, who arrived in New England in 1620 in May Flower. ②In a broad sense, they represented the ancestors of the American people. American Puritanism(美国清教主义) ①It arose in the early 17th century. Puritanism is the practices and beliefs of puritans. ②The American puritans, like their English brothers, are idealist. They accept the doctrine and practice of predestination, original sin and total depravity and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from god. ③But due to the grim struggle for living in the new continent, they become more and more practical. Besides, the American Puritanism as a cultural heritage exerted great influence over American moral values, and this Puritan influence over American Romanticism was conspicuously noticeable. Original sin(原罪) ①Original sin, in Christian theology, the sin of Adam: by which humankind fell from divine grace. ②It is the central religious belief of the Puritans that people are sinful ever since their birth. ③The purpose of baptism(洗礼) is to wash away original sin and to restore the individual to an innocent state, although even after bapti