英文摘要翻译 中英文.doc

1、Higher Education Reform in Taiwan and Its Implications on Equality Abstract: As a result of massification of higher education and the quest for competitiveness, the Taiwanese government has adopted a series of higher education reforms since the late 1990s. While the low birthrate has become a potential threat, recent developments in higher education policies such as the Program for Developing First-Class Universities and Top Research Centers, the Incentives for Teaching Excellences and the new Multiple Examination Program have had considerable effects on students of different gender and socioeconomic classes. Even though the expansion in higher education has enabled many students to enter universities, inequality remains, as students from different socioeconomic backgrounds are distributed to different types/ranks of universities. Students from the lower socioeconomic class are mostly concentrated in private or vocational (science and technology) universities, while students from well-off families have better chances to enter elite universities. Moreover, the gender segregation in different fields of study has not been improved as a result of the aforementioned massification. Female students are still concentrated in the humanities and social sciences and encounter more difficulties in finding jobs upon graduation. Consequently, these graduates’ salaries tend to be much lower compared with their counterparts in science and technology fields. The study further argues that class and gender are actually intertwined and should not be examined separately. In addition, issues such as race and disability need to be closely examined, as the number of students with mothers from Southeast Asia and Mainland China has been significantly increasing in Taiwan these days. 1、台湾高等教育改革及其对教育公平的影响 摘要：自20世纪90年代末以来，因高等教育的大众化以及竞争的需要，台湾当局针对高等教育采取了一系列改革措施。当低出生率已成潜在威胁，且高等教育政策不断发展（例如发展世界一流大学和研究中心项目），对优质教学和检测方式多样化项目的鼓励举措对不同性别以及不同社会经济地位的学生产生相当大的有效作用。虽然高等教育扩招使更多学生进入大学，但是由于学生不同的社会和经济背景，他们分布在不同等