行10食品张楠翻译.doc

行10食品张楠翻译 PRODUCTION OF GABA (γ - AMINOBUTYRIC ACID) BY MICROORGANISMS: A REVIEW 生产GABA（γ-氨基丁酸）的微生物 ABSTRACT GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid) is a four carbon non-protein amino acid that is widely distributed in plants,animals and microorganisms. As a metabolic product of plants and microorganisms produced by the decarboxylation of glutamic acid, GABA functions as an inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain that directly affects the personality and the stress management. A wide range of traditional foods produced by microbial fermentation contain GABA, in which GABA is safe and eco-friendly, and also has the possibility of providing new health-benefited products enriched with GABA. Synthesis of GABA is catalyzed by glutamate decarboxylase, therefore, the optimal fermentation condition is mainly based on the biochemical properties of the enzyme. Major GABA producing microorganisms are lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which make food spoilage pathogens unable to grow and act as probiotics in the gastrointestinal tract. The major factors affecting the production of GABA by microbial fermentation are temperature, pH, fermentation time and different media additives, therefore, these factors are summarized to provide the most up-dated information for effective GABA synthesis. There has been a huge accumulation of knowledge on GABA application for human health accompanying with a demand on natural GABA supply. Only the GABA production by microorganisms can fulfill the demand with GABA-enriched health beneficial foods. 摘要：GABA(γ-氨基丁酸)是四碳的非蛋白氨基酸,广泛分布于植物、动物和微生物。作为植物和微生物的代谢产物产生的脱羧的谷氨酸,GABA在大脑中在大脑中扮演这一个抑制神经递质de角色直接影响人格和压力管理。微生物发酵产生的广泛的传统食品含有GABA,其中deGABA是安全的和环保的 ,还提供新的富含GABA de有利于健康的产品的可能性。GABA是由谷氨酸脱羧酶催化合成,因此,最优发酵条件主要是基于酶的生化特性。生产GABA的微生物的主要有乳酸菌(实验室),一种使食物变质 使病原体无法成长和在胃肠道里扮演着益生菌的角色。影响微生物产生GABA的主要因素是温度、pH值、发酵时间和不同的媒体添加剂,因此,这些因素综合性的提供最有效合成GABA必威体育精装版信息。有一个大量的积累知识，这个知识是关于　人类健康伴随着关于自然GABA供应的需求。只有通过微生物生产的GABA可以满足对富含GABA健康有益的食物的需求。 INTRODUCTION G