课文中的关键定义课中的关键定义.doc

课文中的关键定义 ((Read the following two columns carefully and match the words in Column A with their definitions in Column B.)) Chapter 1 Law: the order or pattern of rules that society uses to govern the conducts of individuals and their relationships Legal right : Legal capacity to require another person to perform (or not perform) an act Duty : an obligation of law impose on a person to perform or not perform certain act A right of privacy: the right to be free from unreasonable searchers and intrusion by others Statutory law: legislative acts declaring, or prohibiting certain conduct A constitution : a body of principles that establishes the structure of a government and the relationship of that government to its people Administrative regulations : rules made by state and federal administrative agencies Case law: law expressed for the first time in a court decision. Precedent: a decision that stands as the rule of law for future cases Stare decisis: the principle that requires a court to examine past case decisions in reaching a conclusion in a similar present matter Common law : time honored rules of law followed by courts that are not necessarily statutes Substantive law: law that creates, defines, and regulates rights and liabilities Procedural law: law that specifies the steps to be followed in enforcing the rights and liabilities given under law Equity: principles or rules that provide special relief in the event the usual remedies at law are not sufficient Chapter2 Jurisdiction: the power to hear and decide particular classes of cases Original jurisdiction: a court with authority to hear the initial proceedings in a case. General jurisdiction: the power to hear a wide range of civil and criminal matters. Limited jurisdiction: the power to hear only disputes involving specific subject matter or limited amounts of damages. Special jurisdiction: the power to hear only disputes involving specific subject matter or limited amounts of damages. Appellate ju