喀斯特区域广西环江景观格局变化特征..doc

喀斯特区域广西环江景观格局变化特征 张明阳1,2,3 王克林1,3?? 刘会玉4 陈洪松1,3 (1中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所, 长沙 410125; 2中国科学院研究生院, 北京 100049; 3中国科学院环江喀斯特生态系统观测研究站, 广西 环江 547100; 4 南京师范大学地理科学学院, 南京 210046) 摘 要 为给喀斯特区域的生态恢复重建提供技术支持，本文通过GIS技术和FRAGSTATS格局分析软件对喀斯特区域广西环江县1986、1995和2000年的景观格局进行了对比分析，结果表明：(1)在景观尺度上，破碎化程度先减少后增加，斑块形状先趋于规则后趋于复杂，多样性先下降后提高；(2)在景观类型尺度上，各景观类型的空间格局变化趋势不一致；(3) 由于20世纪90代年进行大规模的生态环境移民，旱地和草地面积变化最为显著，旱地先减少后增加，草地先增加后减少；(4) 景观格局变化主要在旱地、草地、乔木林地和灌木林地类型间相互转换，由于恶劣的自然条件区域的城镇化水平不高、发展速度不快，人类活动的干扰主要在旱地等农作区。 关键词 广西环江县；景观格局；喀斯特；FRAGSTATS 中图分类号 　文献标识码 　　文章编号 The Characteristic of Landscape Pattern Change in Karst Areas, Huanjiang county, Guangxi Province ZHANG Ming-yang1,2,3, WANG Ke-lin1,3, LIU Hui-yu4, CHEN Hong-song1,3 (1 Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, the Chinese Academy of Science, Changsha 410125; 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049; 3 Huanjiang Observation and Research Station for Karst Ecosystems, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Huanjiang, Guangxi 547100; 3 College of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046) Abstract: More and more studies take attention on Karst environmental problems in southwest China, and get great achievements. However, few studies focus on the landscape structures and the ecological and environmental changes by patterns, process and function. Therefore, we have studied the changes of landscape patterns of Huanjiang County from 1986 to 2000 through the technology of GIS and using FRAGSTATS. The results show: 1) at the landscape level, the fragmentation of landscape decreases firstly and then increases. The shape of patches become more regular firstly and then more complexes; the landscape diversity decreased firstly and then increased relatively; 2) at landscape type level, the change trends of each landscape components are different; 3) Because of the environment immigration, the total areas of dry land and meadow change notably. The areas of the dry land decreases firstly and then increases, and the are