Tradefinanceisrelatedtointernationaltrade..doc

Trade finance is related to international trade.While a seller (the exporter) can require the purchaser (an importer) to prepay for goods shipped, the purchaser (importer) may wish to reduce risk by requiring the seller to document the goods that have been shipped. Banks may assist by providing various forms of support. For example, the importers bank may provide a letter of credit to the exporter (or the exporters bank) providing for payment upon presentation of certain documents, such as a bill of lading. The exporters bank may make a loan (by advancing funds) to the exporter on the basis of the export contract.Other forms of trade finance can include Documentary collection, trade credit insurance, export factoring, forfaiting and others. In many countries, trade finance is often supported by quasi-government entities known as export credit agencies that work with commercial banks and other financial institutions.Trade finance refers to financing international trading transactions. In this financing arrangement, the bank or other institution of the importer provides for paying for goods imported on behalf of the importer.贸易融资(trade financing)，是银行的业务之一。是指银行对进口商或出口商提供的与进出口贸易结算相关的短期融资或信用便利。境外贸易融资业务，是指在办理进口开证业务时，利用国外代理行提供的融资额度和融资条件，延长信用证项下付款期限的融资方式。贸易融资，是指在商品交易中，银行运用结构性短期融资工具，基于商品交易(如原油、金属、谷物等)中的存货、预付款、应收账款等资产的融资。贸易融资中的借款人，除了商品销售收入可作为还款来源外，没有其他生产经营活动，在资产负债表上没有实质的资产，没有独立的还款能力。贸易融资保理商提供无追索权的贸易融资，手续方便，简单易行，基本上解决了出口商信用销售和在途占用的短期资金问题。入世以来，中国对外贸易的数量及范围迅速扩大，对外贸易的主体将向多层次扩展，国际贸易结算工具将呈现出多样化且新业务不断推出，与之相应的国际贸易融资方式亦将呈现出前所未有的多样化、复杂性和专业化，其潜在的风险也在不断的增长和变化。对于中国国有商业银行来说，如何把握机遇，扩大国际贸易融资、揽收国际结算业务，最大限度地获取融资效益和中间业务，同时，又要有效地防范和控制融资风险，也是值得关注的问题。 表现方式：（一）进口押汇。是指开证行在收到信用证项下单据，审单无误后，根据其与开证申请人签订的《进口押汇协议》和开证申请人提交的信托收据，先行对外付款并放单。开证申请人凭单提货并在市场销售后，将押汇本息归还给开证行。（二）限额内透支。是指银行根据客户的资信情况和抵（质）押、担保情况，为客户在其银行往来帐户上核定一个透支额度，允许客户根据资金需求在限额内透支，并可以用正常经营中的销售收入自动冲减透支余额。（三）进口代付。是指开证行根据与国外银行（多为其海外分支机构）签订的融资协议，在开立信用证前与开证申请人签订《进口信用证项下代付协议》，到单位凭开证申请人提交的《信托收据》放单，电告国外银行付款。开证申请人在代付到期日支付代付的本息。（四）假远期信用证。