Unit_12_Simple_Instrument_Model..doc

Unit 12 Simple Instrument Model简易的仪器模型 1.What is null measurement and deflection measured? null measurement零量度 deflection measured 挠度测量 偏斜量 1. 什么是零量度和偏斜量? 2.What is the essential difference between analog sensors and digital sensors? 2. 模拟传感器和数字传感器最基本的区别是什么? 幻灯片2 What important features do analog readout instrument and digital readout instrument have? 3. 模拟显示仪表和数字显示仪表有哪些重要的特征? What a role does an analog sensor or a digital sensor play? 4. 模拟传感器或数字传感器扮演一个什么角色? 幻灯片3 In addressing measurement problems, it is often useful to have a conceptual model of the measurement process. This unit presents some of the fundamental concepts of measurement in the context of a simple generalized in strument model. address 从事，忙于，地址，演讲 in the context of在…情况下；在…背景下 strument： 激光外径测量仪 在解决测量问题的过程中，一个测量过程的概念模型常常是很有用的。在测量仪器模型简单概括的情况下，本单元介绍一些测量的基本概念。 幻灯片4 Fig.12.1 presents a generalized model of a simple instrument. The physical process to be measured is in the left of the figure and the measurand is represented by an observable physical variable X. measurand 被测变量 Fig.12.1提出了一种简易仪器的概念模型。物理过程在左边的图形中进行测量，被测变量以一种可观测的物理变量X描述。 幻灯片5 Fig.12.1 Simple instrument model 图12.1 简易的仪器模型 幻灯片6 Note that the observable variable X need not necessarily be the measurand but simple related to the measurand in some known way. measurand 被测变量；被测性能；被测情况 需注意的是，观测变量X不需要一定是个被测变量，而是在一些已知的方法中简简与被测变量相关。 幻灯片7 For example, the mass of an object is often measured by the process of weighing, where the measurand is the mass but the physical measurement variable is the downward force the mass exerts in the Earth’s gravitational field. There are many possible physical measurement variables. A few are shown in Table 12.1. mass 大量，众多；群众，民众；块，团 the Earth’s gravitational field 地球引力场 例如，物体的质量通常是通过称重来测量，被测变量是物体但是实际测量变量却是地球引力场作用于物体的向下的引力。一些可以在表12.1中看出。 幻灯片8 Common physical variables Typical signal variables Force Voltage Leng