水资源规划及利用的国内外现状..doc

水资源规划及利用的国内外现状 及未来发展趋势 华北电力大学 可再生能源学院 水电0801班 郑志伟 学号：1081420129 水资源规划及利用的国内外现状及未来发展趋势 【摘要】水是基础性的自然资源和战略性的经济资源，水资源是人类、资源、环境三大系统地结合点，在社会经济发展中有着举足轻重的地位。随着人类的发展和社会的进步，人们越来越深切认识到水资源保护对经济社会发展的极端重要性，水资源的管理也正经历着从传统水利向现代水利，可持续水利的转变。水资源还是社会的基础资源，具有功能的不可替代性和多样性。水资源短缺成为可持续发展的最大制约因素，如何优化配置水资源成为亟待解决的问题。本文首先简要概述了我国和全球水资源的分布状况，之后从传统水资源和非传统水资源两个角度对其利用现状进行了详细阐述及国内外的比较，由此引申出水资源可持续利用规划，并做了分析和理解。随后又列举了水资源规划和可持续利用中存在的问题并提出改善措施。最后，提出了水资源规划的一种新方法——数学模型规划方法。本文对此方法及其模型类型进行了详细的阐述，并以滨海城市——瑞安市为例介绍了此方法的应用。 【关键词】水资源 不均衡 可持续利用 数学模型 【Abstract】 The water is the foundational natural resource and the strategic economic resource,The water resources is human,the resources,the environment the three large-scale system combing site, has the pivotal status in the socio-economic development.As the development of human and the society go forward,people realized more and more protects the violent important which to the water resources develops to the economic society,the water resources management is also experiencing from the traditional water conservation to the modern water conservation,sustainable water conservation transformation.The water resource is also the foundation resource of society has the function not the interchangeability and the multiplicity.The shortage of water resources becomes the biggest restriction factor of the sustainable development,So how to optimize the question which disposition of water resources becomes urgently awaits to be solved. This article has first outlined our country and the global water resources distributed condition briefly, Afterward has carried on the detailed elaboration of the domestic and foreign comparison from the traditional water resources and the alternative water resources two angles to it using the present situation,and expands the water resources sustainable use plan from this,then do analysis and understanding.Later has enumerated the question which exists among the water resources plan and the sustainable use and proposes the im