碳纳米材料的研究进展..doc

碳纳米材料的研究进展 XX 武汉大学 化学与分子科学学院 摘要: 碳纳米材料是具有纳米尺寸的碳材料，它有纳米材料的特性如表面效应，并且已经在许多领域中有着广泛的应用，如新能源、高效的储存器及各种电子器件。由于碳元素在自然界中丰度大，相对质量小，化学与热力学性质稳定，所以在最近的二十年里碳材料在轻质、稳定结构材料方面有很广泛的应用。尤其像富勒烯、碳纳米管、石墨烯、碳纤维等碳纳米结构材料引起了科学家们的广泛关注。并且这些材料有可能为我们在新能源和高效的微电子器件方面带来革命性的突破。本文将通过必威体育精装版的研究成果，介绍碳纳米材料在电学器件、光学器件、传感器件等方面的应用，比较说明富勒烯，碳纳米管，石墨烯等材料的潜在应用前景，并对未来石墨烯的研究中的挑战做综述性论述。 关键词：碳纳米材料 发展趋势 新的研究成果 微电子器件 The development of carbon nanomaterials Yang Li College of chemistry and molecular, Wuhan university Abstract:carbon nanomaterials materials, that is, carbon materials with a feature size on the nanometer scale and, in some cases, functionalized surfaces, already play an important role in a wide range of emerging fields, such as the search for novel energy sources, efficientenergy storage, sustainable chemical technology, as well as organic electronic materials. The high natural abundance of carbon, its low specific weight, as well as the chemical and thermal robustness of the different carbon allotropes have resulted in carbon components being increasingly utilized in cheap, lightweight, and durable high-performance materials over the past two decades.[1] In particular, carbon nanostructures such as fullerenes, carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene, and carbon fibers are famous.Furthermore, such materials might offer solutions to the challenges associated with the on-going depletion of nonrenewable energy resources or climate change, and they may promote further breakthroughs in the field of microelectronics.Here, we present an extensive review of carbon nanomaterials in electronic, optoelectronic, photovoltaic, and sensing devices with a particular focus on the latest examples based on the highest purity samples. Specific attention is devoted to each class of carbon nanomaterial,thereby allowing comparative analysis of the suitability of fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and graphene