硅对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长作用机制..doc

硅对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长作用机制 硅对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长作用机制 摘　要　研究硅对小麦种子萌发和幼苗生长代谢的影响,用不同浓度硅（Na2SiO3）溶液处理小麦种子，研究其萌发代谢情况。结果表明: 在Si浓度从1.0到2.5mmol/L范围内,能促进小麦种子萌发（萌发过程中淀粉酶、蛋白酶、脂肪酶活性提高）；促进呼吸代谢，提高种子发芽率和增加单株鲜重。在幼苗生长阶段, 能增加叶绿素含量, 提高光合强度, 增强根系活力和硝酸还原酶活力, 降低蒸腾强度, 提高蒸腾比率、含水量。小麦苗吸收硅后, 营养代谢改善, 生长速度加快。 关键词　硅; 小麦; 种子萌发; 生长; 代谢 The Effect of Sillicon on Emerging Metabolize of Wheat Abstract The effect of Silicon on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat was investigated in this paper .The result showed that Silicon accelerate the growth and respiration rate of seedlings and promoted the activities of diastase protease and lipase during wheat seed germination .Silicon increased contents of chlorophyll and photosynthesis rate roots activities and nitrate reductase activity of wheat seedlings during seedlings growth. Silicon decreased transpiration rate while increased transpiration ratio and leaf water content. Silicon improved nutrition metabolism of wheat seedlings and advanced seedlings growth rate. Silicon research on wheat seed germination and seedling growth metabolism and the effect of silicon (Na2SiO3) with different concentration solution of processing wheat seeds, study its germination of metabolism. Results show that the concentration of Si tendency from 1.0 to 2.5mmol/L range, can promote the wheat seed germination, germination in the process of amylase, protease, lipase activity increase); Promote the respiratory metabolism, improve seed germination rate and fresh weight per plant increased. In the seedling growth stage, can increase the chlorophyll content, improve photosynthetic intensity, enhance root activity and nitrate reductase activity, lower transpiration intensity, improve the transpiration rate, water content. Wheat seedlings after si, improve nutrition metabolism, growth speed. Key words Wheat; Silicon; Seed germination; Seedling growth; Metabolism 引言 硅是禾本科作物的必需营养元素,在土壤中分布极为丰富，在地壳中的含量仅次于氧，居第二位，且大部分以硅酸盐形式存在。当介质在PH2-9