[动词不定式A级.docVIP

阅读《哈利波特》中的一段话，划出所有的不定式，并分析其用法。 The Dursley family of number four, Privet Drive, was the reason that Harry never enjoyed his summer holidays. Uncle Vernon, Aunt Petunia, and their son, Dudley, were Harrys only living relatives. They were Muggles, and they had a very medieval attitude toward magic. Harrys dead parents, who had been a witch and wizard themselves, were never mentioned under the Dusleys roof For years, Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon had hoped that if they kept Harry as downtrodden as possible, they would be able to squash the magic out of him. To their fury, they had been unsuccessful. These days they lived in terror of anyone finding out that Harry had spent most of the last two years at Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. The most they could do, however, was to lock away Harrys spell books, wand, cauldron, and broomstick at the start of the summer break, and forbid him to talk to the neighbors. 根据英语动词在句中是否独立用作谓语，可以把动词分为谓语动词和非谓语动词两种。 谓语动词是指动词在句中独立作谓语时采用的形式，如各种时态的形式。非谓语动词是指动词在句中不独立作谓语时采用的形式，包括不定式、动名词和分词（现在分词、过去分词）三种。 内容 基本要求 动词不定式 一．动词不定式的形式与基本用法 二．常见不定式搭配 1．不定式的形式 动词不定式的基本形式是“to＋do动词原形”，称为带to 的不定式；有时，to 可以省略，称为不带to 的不定式。其否定形式为 not + (to)+ 动词原形。 例：He wanted to sit down. 他想坐下。（带to 的不定式） Let him sit down. 让他坐下。（不带to 的不定式） 这里的to 只是个语法符号，没有词义。不定式在句中不能独立作谓语，也没有人称和数的变化。 易错点：动词不定式否定形式：not + (to) + do Mom told me not to sleep too late. 2．不定式的基本用法 动词不定式虽然是动词的一种形式，但是它却具有名词、形容词和副词的功能，因此在句中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语（宾补）、定语、状语等。 ⑴ 用作主语：不定式作主语时，常用it做形式主语，而将真正的主语放在句末, 其结构为It is + adj. + (for/of) +动词不定式。 例：To learn a foreign language is not easy. （不定式直接做主语） It is not easy to learn a foreign language.（ it做形式主语，真正的主语为后面的动词不定式） To help the poor is his duty. It is his duty to help the poor. 帮助穷人是他的责任。 注意：在kind, good, nice, clever等表示人的品质的形容词后，不用for而用of。 如： It’s very kind of you to help me. It’s very clever of you to do like that. 例：To see is to believe. 眼见为实。 To the doctor, the most important thing is to save lives. Exercise 1 1. _______ is difficult t