《it的用法.docVIP

it的用法 it可用作代词、先行词及引导词等。 一, it 作代词: 1. 人称代词it，是第三人称单数中性，代表前文已提到过的一件事物 That vase is valuable. It’s more than 200 years old.?? 那个花瓶很珍贵，它有200多年的历史 I love swimming. It keeps me fit.?? 我喜欢游泳，它能使我保持健康。 2. it 可用来指婴儿。? It’s a lovely baby. Is it a boy or a girl????? 宝宝真可爱，是男孩还是女孩？ 3. it用以代替指示代词this, that. ?-- What’s this???????????????--- It’s a pen.???????? —这是什么？??????—是一支钢笔。 ?--- Whose book is that??? --- It’s Mike’s.??????—那是谁的书？?????????? —是迈克的。 4. it可指说话者心目中所指的人 ???Go and see who it is.????????????????????去看看是谁?? --- Who is making such a noise?????????????—是谁发出这样的吵闹声？ ??--- It must be the children.????—一定是孩子们。 5. 虚词it无指代性，常用作没有具体意义的主语，表示天气、气候、温度、时间、地点、距离等意义的句子中。如： It is half past three now.???????? 现在是三点半钟。 It is six miles to the nearest hospital from here.?? 这里离最近的医院也有六英里。 It was very cold; it snowed and grew dark.??天气很冷；天下着雪，渐渐地变黑了 6. it也常用来表示一般的笼统的情况。 It’s awful—I’ve got so much work I don’t know where to start.?? 糟透了——我有这么多工作要做我不知从何开始。 How is it going with you???????你近况如何？ Take it easy.?????????? 不要紧张。 二, 先行词it.?????? it充当形式主语或形式宾语，本身无意义，只起一种先行引导的作用。后面的真正主语或真正宾语通常是不定式结构、-ing分词结构, 主语从句或宾语从句。?????? 1. 用作形式主语It is difficult to translate this article.????翻译这篇文章很难。 It is getting harder every day for a lazy man to get a living.????懒汉谋生是日益困难了。 What time would it be most convenient for me to call again? It is no use going there so early.????这么早去那里没有用。?????? ?????? It is strange that he did not come at all.???? 真奇怪，他竟还没来。?????? It doesn’t matter what you do.你做什么都没关系。???????????? 2. 用作形式宾语I found it difficult to explain to him what happened.我觉得向他解释清发生了什么事很困难?????? He thought it no use going over the subject again.????他认为再讨论这个问题没有用了。?????? They kept it quiet that he was dead.????他们对他的死必威体育官网网址。?????? We must make it clear to the public that something should be done to stop pollution.???????? 我们必须使公众明白应该采取措施制止污染。 三, 引导词it. 以it为引导词的强调句型: It+ is / was +被强调成分+that-/who-从句。 这种结构可以强调除谓语动词以外的大多数句子成分。如： It was Jane that/who called this morning.?? 是珍妮今天上午打来电话。? It was a parcel