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四,六级考试作文多以主题句作文和中文提示作文题型为主.前者是根据所给的段落主题句结合作文题写出各段内容,后者则要求按给出的中文提示先拟好段落主题句,然后再完成作文.这两种形式的作文体裁均为论说文和说明文.而要写好英语论说文或说明文,必须首先了解主题句在段落中的作用.一,四级作文常见题型及写作方法1. 主题句基本概念主题句是论说文或说明文中阐明段落中心思想或主要内容的核心句子,对全段的论述起着宏观指导和限制作用, 是构成英语段落的重要手段.主题句就象公路上各路段的路标一样,引导驾驶员依循指定的路线行驶,以避免迷失方向.例如:If a person expects to do things successfully, he should have confidence. It is confidence that enables a person to face the obstacles or drawback that stand in his way. In fact, one can hardly accomplish anything if he has doubt about his ability in what he does. When ones confidence is shaken, he tends to become discouraged and depressed and chances are that he may fail to do what he could. In contrast, a person who never loses heart will succeed in what seems impossible.此段的第一句即是主题句.指出 成功必须要有自信心.而该主题句的内涵(为什么自信心往往可以决定成败),则由该段其它句子来进一步说明.主题句通常由两个部分构成;一部分是Topic (该段要讨论的话题),另一部分是 Controlling Idea (围绕话题待展开的内容).例如:2. 主题句的结构Full concentration is essential both in the classroom and in the study room.Green-space facilities are contributing to an important extend to the quality of the urban environment. 并非所有句子都能充当主题句.例如This is what I want to say.Everyone knows that May 1st is Labor Day.Hands up, or Ill kill you!这些句子要么缺少能进一步讨论的话题,或者没有围绕话题待展开的内容,因此不具备主题句的功能.检验主题句有一个较为简便的方法,既针对句子用Why (待解释) 和How (待描述)设问,如果能够解答,则可基本认定为主题句.如果难以解答,或答案很荒谬,则可排除主题句的可能性.例如:Pronouncing a language is a skill. (可解答)Reading extensively helps to enrich our knowledge. (可解答) He is my father.(不可解答)She told me that I couldnt make progress if I work hard. (不可解答)1) 段首主题句主题句多见于段首.这样,既可以突出要点,使读者从一开始就可以明了段落的主题和中心思想;也利于作者有效地组织段落,控制段落内容,提醒作者紧扣主题.例如:3. 主题句在段落中的位置In a similar way human beings have favorite colors. Blue is often popular because it is the color of the cool sky and sea. Green is the peaceful color which makes us think of wide fields and forests. Yellow is the cheerful color of the sun. On the other hand, red is the color of blood and fire. It makes some people think of accidents, danger and bloodshed. Black is the color of th