《句法翻译法.docxVIP

句法翻译法第一节 名词性从句的翻译一、主语从句1、以what, whatever, whether, when, where, how, why等引导的主语从句，在翻译的时候，一般可以按照英语原文顺序来翻译。(顺译法)What he told me was only lie.When we can begin the journey is still a question.Whatever is worth doing should be done well.Whether he comes or not makes no difference.2、用it作形式主语的主语从句，可以把主语从句放到汉语句子的最前面翻译。为了强调，it一般可以译出来, 翻译成“这”；如果不需要强调，it也可以不译出来, （但一定要采取颠倒语序倒着翻译！！！）It doesn’t make much difference whether he attends the meeting or not.It seemed unbelievable that the pilot could have survived the crash. 题注：有时候，如果主语从句仍然按照英语原来的语序翻译的话，it一般不需要翻译出来。在汉语译文开始的时候，一般可以用“….的是”It is strange that she should have seen her own shortcoming.二、宾语从句1.用that, what, how, when, which, why, whether, if等引导的宾语从句，在翻译成汉语的时候，一般不需要改变它在原句中的顺序。(举例)I told him that because of the last condition, I’d have to turn it down.Can you hear what I say?I don’t know that he swam across the river. I don’t know how he swam across the river.He has informed me when they are to discuss my proposal.2.用it作形式宾语的句子，在翻译的时候，that所引导的宾语从句一般可以按英语原文的顺序来翻译；it有时候可以不用翻译。(举例)I heard it said that he had gone abroad.I made it clear to them that they must hand in their papers before 10 o’clock.注：但有时候，也可以在译文中将that引导的宾语从句提到句子的最前面翻译。I regard it as an honor that I am chosen to attend the meeting.三．表语从句英语中的表语从句放在系动词的后面，充当表语成分，一般可以按照英语原文顺序直接翻译。(顺译法)It seems that it is going to rain.That is why we are late for the meeting.The question remains whether we can win the final game.His view of the press was that the reporters were either for him or against him.四. 同位语从句 同位语从句的作用主要是对名词作进一步的解释，说明名词的具体内容。第一种方法，直接跟在主句后面，顺序翻译。(顺译法)He expressed the hope that he would come over to visit China again.There is 2. 第二种方法，可以将其放在所修饰的名词前面，相当前置的修饰语但不一定使用定语的标志词“的”。这种情况下，同位语从句都比较简单。(前置法)We know the fact that bodies possess weight.The rumor that he was arrested was not well-founded3.第三种方法，增加“即”（或者“认为”）这样的词来连接，或用冒号、破折号直接分开主句和同位语从句。But this does not in any way alter the fact that they are now, from a practical point of view, irrational. We have reached the concl