2014年初三年级英语知识点_0.doc

2014年初三年级英语知识点 2014年初三年级英语知识点由为您提供的，希望给您带来帮助! 二.重点语法 疑问词+不定式动词”结构英语有个很有用的结构,就是: 疑问词+不定式动词。 疑问词是疑问代词“who,whom,what,which,whose”和疑问副词“when,where,how,why”。 此外,此外,连接词“whether”也适用。 例句:I don’t know what totry next.I’m not sure what toexpect. “疑问词+不定式动词”结构有何功用呢?其主要功用有下列五种: 1.当主语,如: When to hold themeeting has not yetbeen decided.Where to live is aproblem. 2.当宾语,如: We must know what tosay at a meeting. He could not tellwhom to trust. Do you know how toplay bridge? 3.当补足语,如: The problem is whereto find thefinancial aid.The question is whoto elect. 4.当名词同位语,如: Tom had no ideawhich book to readfirst. Do you have a roughimpression how to doit? 5.当宾语补足语,如: Jim is not surewhose to choose. Mary and John arenot certain whetherto get married ornot. 适用于“疑问词+不定式动词”的动词包括: “know,see,decide,tell,ask,consider,discover,explain,forget,guess,hear, imagine,inquire,learn,remember,think,wonder,understand”等。 值得特别注意的是:当这结构当宾语时,它的作用等于名词从句,例如: I could not decidewhich dictonary tobuy. =I could notdecide whichdictionary I shouldbuy. Jack did not knowwhere to find such agood teacher. =Jack did not knowwhere he could findsuch a good teacher. 有些动词,如“ask,show,tell,advise,inform,teach”等, 可以先有个宾语,然后才接着加上适当的“疑问词+不定式动词” 结构。例如: The chief engineershowed them how torepair the machine. Have you told himwhere to get theapplication form? 综上所述,可见“疑问词+不定式动词”结构是个形象清新, 既容易用又不容易出错的特别结构,可以多多运用。 语从句 定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词,词组或代词叫先行词。 定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词引出。关系代词有: who,whom,whose,that,which等。关系副词有:when,where,why等。 例如:I like music that Ican dance to. I love singers whowrite their ownmusic. 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 who,whom,that 这些词代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词,在从句中所起作用如下: Is he the man who/that wants to seeyou? 他就是你想见的人吗? He is the man whom/that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天见的那个人。 Whose用