《讲义精编之作文.doc

写 作 段落 1．段落的组成：主题句(topic sentence)，扩展句(supporting sentence, transitional sentence)，结尾句(concluding sentence) 段落的质量： 一致(Unity) 丰富(Fullness) 连贯(Coherence) 使用排比结构 重复关键词 用同义词或近义词替代 用代词替代 使用关联词 顺序: in the first place, in the second place, last but not the least important...; to begin with, then, last but not the least; first, second, third...finally 举例：take…as an example, for example, for instance, such as, that is, in the following manner, namely, in this case, as an illustration, by way of, in other words, specially 强调：certainly, indeed, above all, especially, in fact, after all, as a matter of fact, to be sure, to be exact, surely, in any event, without doubt, doubtless, without question, what’s important, primarily, chiefly, anyway, obviously, in particular, naturally 比较：also, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, just as, similarly, in comparison, like, equally, meanwhile, not only...but also..., at the same time, by the same token 对比：on the contrary, in contrast, by contrast, on the other hand, still, nevertheless, although, instead, whereas, while, conversely, in spite of, despite, but 让步：although, nevertheless, of course, after all, clearly, still, yet, in spite of, despite, but 原因：because, now that, since, for, because of, for this reason, as, due to, owing to, thanks to 结果：therefore, as a result, consequently, accordingly, so, hence, thus, in this way 总结： to sum up, in conclusion, in other words, in short, thereafter, in brief, all in all, finally, to summarize, in summary, as has been mentioned above 递进：in addition, furthermore, also, moreover, besides, again, and, likewise, what’s more 时间：afterwards, at last, at length, immediately, in the meantime, lately, meanwhile, presently, shortly, since, soon, temporarily, thereafter, while 方位：in front of, beside, beyond, above, below, inside, outside, on the left, on the right 3．段落展开方法(Development of Paragraphs) 列举法(Listing) 常用词语：first, second, thi