三CerebellumandDiencephalon.ppt

The Cerebellum小 脑 Position: lies above and behind the medulla oblongata and pons; occupies posterior cranial fossa External features Three peduncles 三对脚 Inferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚 connect with medulla and spinal cord, contain both afferent and efferent fibers External features Three peduncles 三对脚 Middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚 connect with pons, contain afferent fibers Superior cerebellar peduncle小脑上脚 connect with midbrain, contain mostly efferent fibers External features Tonsil of cerebellum 小脑扁桃体: two elevated masses on inferior surface of hemisphere, just nearby foramen magnum Lobes of cerebellum Two deep fissures Primary fissure 原裂 Posterolateral fissure 后外侧裂 Three lobs 1. Flocculonodular lobe绒球小结叶: flocculus 绒球 and nodule 小结 2. Anterior lobe 3. Posterior lobe Lobes Ⅱ. Internal structures Cerebellar cortex 小脑皮质 Cerebellar nuclei 小脑核 Ⅱ. Internal structures Three functional divisions Spinocerebellum 脊髓小脑( paleocerebellum 旧小脑) : vermis and intermediate zone Cerebrocerebellum 大脑小脑(neocerebellum 新小脑): lateral zone Vestibulocerebellum 前庭小脑 ( archicerebellum原小脑): Flocculonodular lobe and vestibular nuclei Middle cerebellar peduncle 小脑中脚 is composed of fibres which arises in the opposite side of the pontine nuclei (脑桥核) and pass to the cerebellum, transmit impulses which reach the the pons from the cerebral cortex. inferior cerebellar peduncle 小脑下脚 This peduncle consists mainly of afferent(传入) fibres to the cerebellum，inlude posterior spinocerebellar tract； the fibers from the inferior olivary nucleus, superior cerebellar peduncle 小脑上脚 This is the principal efferent pathway from the cerebellum, its fibres arises mainly from the dentate nucleus齿状核, and passes anterosuperiorly （前上方）to the opposite thalamus丘脑 and red nucleus of the midbrain. The diencephalon 间 脑 I. Position Lies betwe