重癥监护病房的设置方面.docVIP

ASPECTS OF THE INTENSIVE CARE UNIT SETTING 重症监护病房的设置方面 Patients with critical illness in the intensive care unit (ICU) usually require advanced life support with mechanical ventilation, inotropic medications, or dialysis. 在重症监护病房（ICU）与重大疾病的患者，通常需要机械通气，正性肌力药物，或透析的高级生命支持。 Morbidity associated with critical illness includes complications of both acute and chronic diseases, nosocomial and iatrogenic consequences, and impaired quality of life among survivors. 与重大疾病相关的发病率，包括急性和慢性疾病，院内感染和医源性的后果，以及幸存者的生活质量受损并发症。 Critically ill patients are at a higher risk of death than any other hospital population. 危重病人在一个较高的死亡风险比其他任何医院人口。 Accordingly, the goals of critical care are to reduce the morbidity and mortality, to maintain organ function, and to restore health. 因此，危重病的目标是降低发病率和死亡率，以维持器官的功能，并恢复健康。 Unlike many other specialties, critical care medicine is not limited to a particular population, disease, diagnosis, or organ system. 不像许多其他的特色，危重病急救医学并不局限于某一特定人群，疾病诊断，或器官系统。 The Intensivist-Led Multidisciplinary Team Intensivist为首的多学科小组 Staffing of ICUs with critical care physicians, often referred to as intensivists, who provide mandatory consultation or are responsible for all care is associated with a significantly lower ICU and hospital mortality and a shorter ICU and hospital length of stay. 重症监护医生，危重，提供了强制性的咨询，或负责所有的护理是显着降低重症监护病房和住院死亡率和较短的重症监护病房和住院时间长，通常被称为加护病房的人员编制。 These findings may be due to the on-site availability of trained physicians dedicated to appropriate triage, prevention, diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, and palliation of critically ill patients. 这些研究结果可能是由于专门适当分流的预防，诊断，监测，治疗和姑息治疗的危重病人受过训练的医生对网站的可用性。 In addition, daily rounds by an ICU physician who leads a multidisciplinary team appears to improve outcomes, probably because leadership, communication, and organizational culture can streamline the process of critical care. 此外，由ICU医生每天查房谁领导的多学科团队出现改善的结果，可能是因为领导，沟通，组织文化可以简化关键护理的过程中。 These favorable findings may be due to the intensivist-coordinated teamwork of nurses,