《中西思维差异与英语写作.docVIP

中西思维差异与英语写作 摘　要:英汉语言的思维模式存在较大的差异。结合英语教学实践,探讨汉语思维对中国学生英语写作的影响,提出相应的对策,以使学生能注意到两种思维模式的差异,克服母语的干扰,提高英语写作水平。 There exist differences between English and Chinese thought patterns. Based on teaching practice, the restriction of Chinese thought modes on English writing by Chinese students is dealt with and some suggestions are put forward for its improvement. In English writing Chinese students should be aware of the differences of the two different thought patterns and avoid L1 negative transfer so as to improve English writing. 大量的研究表明,学生的外语写作过程具有双语特征。有研究发现初级阶段的二语写作不是一个纯粹的二语思维过程,二语水平较低的学生在二语写作中常常依赖母语思维。随着二语水平的提高,母语思维量逐渐减少,不同的思维活动中的母语参与量不等。本文从东西思维方式的差异出发,结合英语教学实践,探讨学生的英语写作由于受汉语思维负迁移的影响而产生的种种弊病,以使学生能注意到两种思维模式的差异,并对两种思维模式进行有效的模仿,克服英语写作中汉语的影响,提高英语写作水平。 (一)用词差异 (1)用词的虚实问题 (2)动、名词和介词使用频率的问题 (3)用词的具体与概括的问题 (4)修饰词运用频率的问题 1.1 英语： 思维抽象(method of abstract diction)，虚概括，静态的, 名词、介词思维具象(method of diction), 实, 动态的, 动词; 中国人民, a. In the past, the Chinese people led a life in deep water and hot fire. b. In the past, the Chinese people led a life of extreme hardship” 评价：a句非常形象生动, 句子通顺,看上去也没有语法错误,而英语母语者读起来却感到非常吃力,不容易理解中国学生的英语写作充满了意象性词汇,安东尼彻夜未眠，因为他对于是否得插手此事举棋不定。Anthony didn’t sleep the whole night because he raised the chess and can’t decide whether or not to take a hand in the matter. Anthony stayed up all night because he just could not make up his mind whether or not to take a hand in the matter. 3.他非常刻苦，一直在脚踏实地学习英语 “I study very hard and have been learning English on the ground”,这会people mountain people see. 不要虎我：don’t tiger me. 上火：catch fire 评价：这种用法非常形象生动,但却让英美人士迷惑不解, (2)动、名词和介词使用频率的问题 汉语是动态的,语言中多用动词; 英语是静态的,其语言呈现出少用动词,多用名词和介词。 1. No years pass now without evidence of the truth of the statement that the work of government is becoming increasingly difficult. 行政管理工作已变得越来越困难了,每年都证明确实如此。The custom-made object will be within everyone’s reach.这种定制生产的产品到那时便人人都可享用了。’s presence on the stage brought the audience to their feet in applause.” 4. My shock and embarrassment at finding Mother in