《国际商务英语阅读教程第四版.docxVIP

Unit 1~2Mercantilism 重商主义Trade surplus 贸易顺差Quota and tariff 配额和关税Zero-sum game 零和博弈Positive-sum game 常和博弈The theory of absolute advantage 绝对优势理论The theory of comparative advantage 比较优势理论Factor endowments 要素禀赋理论Product life cycle 产品生命周期Economies of scale 规模经济First mover advantage 先占优势Barrier to entry 进入(市场)壁垒Porter’s diamond theory 波特的钻石理论National competitive advantage 国家竞争优势The department of commerce 商务部Letter of credit 信用证Draft /bill of exchange 汇票bill of lading B/L 提单Sight draft 即期汇票Time draft 远期汇票Banker ‘s acceptance 银行承兑Trade acceptance 商业承兑汇票Countertrade 对等贸易Barter 易货贸易Switch trading 转手贸易Offset 抵消Counter purchase 互购贸易Compensation trade 补偿贸易1.波特钻石理论的主要内容① Factor endowments ② Firm strategy, structure, and rivalry ③ Demand conditions ④Relating and supporting industries 2.对等贸易的主要类型和优缺点①Types of countertradeCountertrade has evolved into a diverse set of activities that can be categorized as five distinct types of trading arrangements: barter, counter purchase, offset, switch trading, and compensation or buyback②The pros and cons of countertrade优：① The main attraction of countertrade is that it can give a firm a way to finance an export deal when other means are not available. ② Thus if a firm is unwilling to enter into a countertrade agreement, it may lose an export opportunity to a competitor that is willing to make a countertrade agreement.缺： ① Countertrade contracts may involve the exchange of unusable or poor-quality goods that the firm cannot dispose of profitably② In addition, even if the goods it receives are of high quality, the firm still needs to dispose of them profitably.Unit 3Strategic alliance战略联盟Licensing许可证Joint venture合资经营Contracting承包经营Partnership合资人Return on investment投资回报率Franchising特许经营Contract manufacturing 生产承包Management contracting管理承包许可贸易的优缺点优：The basic advantage in licensing as contrasted to other approaches is the ease and low cost of entering a foreign market.Licensing is also advantageous in that it can be used t