DiscussingFindings__培训课件.pptVIP

Academic Writing Course Contents Activities in Discussion 1 Elements in Discussion Section 2 Certainty about Claims 3 Cause and Effect 4 a) considering both sides of an issue, or question before reaching a conclusion; Meanings of Discussion in Academic Sense b) considering the results of research and the implications of these results. P72-73 Colorectal cancer 结直肠癌 lung cancer 肺癌 Esophagus cancer 食道癌 liver cancer 肝癌 prostate cancer 前列腺癌 laryngeal cancer 喉癌 bladder cancer 膀胱癌 Myeloma 骨髓瘤 malignancy 恶性肿瘤 rectal cancer 直肠癌 colon cancer 结肠癌 esophageal adenocarcinoma 食管腺癌 endometrial cancer 子宫内膜癌 menopausal hormone therapy 绝经后激素治疗 leukemia 白血病 melanoma (恶性)黑素瘤 ，(良性)胎记瘤 breast cancer 乳腺癌 estrogen 雌激素 progesterone 黄体酮 carcinogenesis 癌病变，致癌作用 Some expressions in Reading Passage Introductory and Concluding Paragraph? we found elevated risks of colorectal and lung cancer with both types of meat. Red but not processed meat intake was also associated with increased risk of cancer of the esophagus and liver. We statistically observed elevated risks of advanced prostate cancer with both red and processed meat intake, of laryngeal cancer with red meat intake, and of bladder cancer and myeloma with processed meat intake. A diet high in red or processed meat was associated with an elevated risk of both colorectal and lung cancer; Red meat was associated with an elevated risk of esophageal and liver cancer. P74 P72 What has the results discussed? We observed a stronger positive association for rectal than colon cancer. We found a positive association between red meat intake and cancer of the esophagus and the liver, and a significantly positive association for laryngeal cancer. We found an inverse association between red meat intake and endometrial cancer; … We observed a suggestion of an elevated risk of advanced prostate cancer with both types of meat. With regard to breast cancer, a pooled analysis of eight cohort studies found no association with red meat intake; P73 Elemen