CLA-BSI__培训课件.ppt

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * 250,000 from CDC and HHS previously referenced with reference slide 6 * * * * Antiseptics do not penetrate into the sebaceous ducts Microbes reside in hair follicles where they are protected from antiseptics due to lipids at opening of the hair follicles * * 25% of patients have colonization of acinetobacter – has been associated with intravascular catheters – primarily found in soil and water Yeast cultured more often on older people Men have more skin flora than women Damaged hands of healthcare workers are more likely to be colonized with staph aureus, gram negative bacteria, entercocci, and yeast * * * * * Skin皮肤 Skin surface – transient flora皮肤表面-瞬态菌群 MRSA, Candida MRSA,念珠菌 Resident flora – within layers of skin/glands常驻菌群-皮肤腺体层内 Coryneforms, Staphlococci, Acinetobacter, Micrococci, Malassezia Head and thorax头部和胸部 Staphylococcus epidermides – dominant species表皮葡萄球菌-主导菌群 Staphylococcus hominis – arms and legs人型葡萄球菌-胳膊和腿 Most common pathogen bloodstream infection is CNS (coagulase-negative staphylococci)最常见的致病菌血流感染是凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌Study preoperative skin C/S pectoral region before pacemaker研究起搏器术前皮肤的C / S胸部区域88% positive for bacterial growth and 85% were staphylococci 88％的阳性细菌生长和85％的葡萄球菌 Hadaway “Skin flora and infection” Journal of infusion Nursing Vol 26 No 1 January/February 2003 pp 44-48 * CDC Definition of Category RecommendationsCDCD类别的定义 Category IA. Strongly recommended for implementation and strongly supported by well-designed experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies. IA类。精心设计的实验、临床或流行病学，强烈建议执行 Category IB. Strongly recommended for implementation and supported by some experimental, clinical, or epidemiologic studies and a strong theoretical rationale; or an accepted practice (e.g., aseptic technique) supported by limited evidence. IB类。一些实验、临床或流行病学研究和强大的理论基础支持;或者所接受的做法（例如，无菌技术） 通过有限的证据支持，强烈建议执行 Category IC. Required by state or federal regula