词汇学第二讲修改.introduction(word)chapter1剖析.ppt

English Lexicology For Grade 13 Total hours:32 Lecturer: Wang Zhili E-mail:angelsistersigh800@163.com Chapter 1 The basic concepts of?words and vocabulary Chapter 2 The basic concepts of?words and vocabulary Definition of word Definition of vocabulary The relationship between sound and meaning Difference between meaning and concept. Classification of words Origin of vocabulary What is a word? A word is a minimal free form of a language that has a given sound, meaning and syntactic function. 词是能独立运用的、最小的、有语义的语言单位。 e.g. He ran up the hill. Q:What is the phonological form, semantic meaning and grammatical meaning of the word “ran”? What is vocabulary? The term vocabulary usually refers to a complete inventory of the words in a language. All the words in a language make up its vocabulary. Not only can it refer to the total number of the words in a language, but it can stand for all the words used in a particular historical period. We also use it to refer to all the words of a given dialect, a given book, a given discipline and the words possessed by an individual person. The general estimate of the present-day English vocabulary is over million words. Sound and meaning Q: What’s the Naturalist and Conventionalist’s view about sound and meaning? 自然派（the naturalist/natural connection between sound and meaning） 习惯派（the conventionalist/conventional, arbitrary） What’s in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet. —— Shakespeare: Romeo and Juliet  Q: What’s the relationship between sound and meaning? No natural connection: Words that convey the same meaning have different phonological forms in different languages b. The same phonological forms may convey different meanings.  Difference between meaning and concept. Meaning is closely related to a concept. A concept is the base of the meaning of a word. A word is used to label a concept. It acts as the symbol for that concept. A concept is a