智能型充电器的电源和显示的设计论文正文..doc

目录 摘要·······························I Abstract·····························II 前言 ···························· 1 第1章 概述··························· 2 第一节 绪论···························2 1.1 课题背景························ 2 1.2 常见充电电池特性及其充电方式·············· 3 1.3主要芯片的选择····················· 5 1.4 液晶显示模块的选择··················· 7 第二节 毕业设计任务和要求··················· 8 第2章 硬件电路设计························ 10 第一节 液晶显示模块的两种访问方式接口电路··········· 10 第二节 硬件电路主要芯片 ···················· 12 2.2.1 Atmega16L主要引脚说明················· 12 2.2.2 Atmega16L的存储器··················· 13 2.2.3 Atmega16L的时钟电路·················· 14 2.2.4 Atmega16L的系统复位·················· 14 第三节 LCD液晶显示 ···················· 15 2.3.1 LCD的显示原理····················· 15 2.3.2 液晶显示控制驱动器···················17 2.3.3 液晶显示模块的特点·················· 18 第四节 电源电路的设计··················· 20 第五节 硬件电路设计···················· 21 第六节 PROTELL99的应用简介················· 22 第3章 软件设计························ 23 3.1 用C语言开发单片机的优势················ 23 3.2 液晶显示汉字或字符的原理················24 3.3 LCD模块的指令说明··················· 25 3.4 液晶显示界面 ····················· 27 3.5 系统程序流程图·····················27 第4章 系统调试过程·······················31 第一节 系统调试软件介绍··················· 31 4.1.1 ICCAVR编译器简介···················31 4.1.2 ICCAVR的设置·····················32 第二节 调试过程·······················35 第五章 毕业设计总结·············· ······· 40 第一节 主要成果······················ 40 第二节 经验总结和感谢··················· 40 参考文献····························41 附录1外文资料译文·······················39 附录2外文资料原文·······················42 附录3部分源代码························45 附录4硬件原理图························62 前言 随着越来越多的手持式电器的出现，对高性能、小尺寸、重量轻的电池充电器的需求也越来越大。电池技术的持续进步也要求更复杂的充电算法以实现快速、安全的充电。因此需要对充电过程进行更精确的监控，以缩短充电时间、达到最大的电池容量，并防止电池损坏。AVR 已经在竞争中领先了一步，被证明是下一代充电器的完美控制芯片。Atmel AVR 微处理器是当前市场上能够以单片方式提供Flash、EEPROM 和10 位ADC的最高效的8 位RISC 微处理器。由于程序存储器为Flash，因此可以不用象MASK ROM一样，有几个软件版本就库存几种型号。Flash 可以在发货之前再进行编程，或是在PCB贴装之后再通过ISP 进行编程，从而允许在最