(汉英翻译技巧.docVIP

汉英翻译技巧 汉语无主语句的英译处理 祈使句对应为祈使句 e.g. 小心轻放。 Handle with care. 量体裁衣，看菜吃饭。 Fit the dress to the figure and fit the appetite to the dishes. 宁为鸡首，不为牛后。 Better be the head of an ass than the tail of a horse. 采用英语的被动结构译出 采用英语被动结构翻译的汉语无主语句一般的情况：一是某些表示事物存在的无主语句；二是有些句子突出宾语部分，在翻译时可以不用补出主语而用原句中的宾语来充当主语。 e.g. 这儿将修建更多的居民大楼。 More apartments will be built here. 利用发电机，可以将机械能转变为电能。 The mechanical energy can be changed back into electrical energy by a generator. 在合同中，详细地规定了双方必须履行的各种条件。 In the contract, all kinds of conditions which both sides should follow were laid down in detail. 没有爱心，就无法了解人生。 Life cannot be understood without much charity. 采用倒装语序 e. g. 地下埋藏着大量的金银。 Hidden underground is a wealth of gold and silver. 随着一声吼叫，忽的从树林里窜出一只老虎来。 Following the roar, out rushed a tiger from among the bushes. 山里住着个老和尚。 In the mountain lived on an old monk. 采用 THERE BE 结构 例句：没有顺利，无所谓困难；没有困难，也无所谓顺利。 Without facility, there would be no difficulty; without difficulty, there would also be no facility. 剩下的时间不多了。 There is very little time left. 萝卜白菜，各有所爱。 There is no accounting for taste. 无水则无鱼。 Without water there would be no fish. 楼下有人想和你说话。 There is a man downstairs who wants to speak to you. \you are wanted downstairs. 采用 IT 作主语译出 例句：要解决问题，还必须做系统、周密的调查工作和研究工作。 In order to solve the problem it is necessary to make a systematic and thorough investigation and study. 与自然作斗争，倍感快乐。 It is a great joy to battle against nature. 活到老学到老。 It is never too old to learn. 子曰：学而时习之，不亦说乎？有朋自远方来，不亦乐乎？ Confucius said, is it not a pleasure after all to practice in due time what one has learnt? Is it not a delight after all to have friends come from afar? 六、增添适当的代词或名词充当主语 例句： 知彼知己，百战不殆。 If you know your enemy and yourself, you can fight a hundred battles without peril. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。 If one does not enter the tiger’s den, how can he get a tiger’s cub. 因文制宜，区别对待 例句：未经审批机关批准，合同中不得规定禁止接受方在合同期满后继续使用技术的条款。 Unless approval has been obtained from the examining and approving organ, a contract shall not incl