《数字图像处理第》习题解答上传（参考）.docx

胡学龙编著《数字图像处理（第 3 版）》思考题与习题参考答案目录第 1 章概述 ···································································································1第 2 章 图像处理基本知识 ·················································································4第 3 章 图像的数字化与显示 ··············································································7第 4 章 图像变换与二维数字滤波 ······································································10第 5 章 图像编码与压缩 ··················································································16第 6 章 图像增强 ···························································································20第 7 章 图像复原 ···························································································25第 8 章 图像分割 ···························································································27第 9 章 数学形态学及其应用 ············································································31第 10 章 彩色图像处理 ···················································································32第1章 概述1.1 连续图像和数字图像如何相互转换？答：数字图像将图像看成是许多大小相同、形状一致的像素组成。这样，数字图像可以用二维矩阵表示。将自然界的图像通过光学系统成像并由电子器件或系统转化为模拟图像（连续图像）信号，再由模拟/数字转化器（ADC）得到原始的数字图像信号。图像的数字化包括离散和量化两个主要步骤。在空间将连续坐标过程称为离散化，而进一步将图像的幅度值（可能是灰度或色彩）整数化的过程称为量化。1.2 采用数字图像处理有何优点？答：数字图像处理与光学等模拟方式相比具有以下鲜明的特点：1．具有数字信号处理技术共有的特点。（1）处理精度高。（2）重现性能好。（3）灵活性高。2．数字图像处理后的图像是供人观察和评价的，也可能作为机器视觉的预处理结果。3．数字图像处理技术适用面宽。4．数字图像处理技术综合性强。1.3 数字图像处理主要包括哪些研究内容？答：图像处理的任务是将客观世界的景象进行获取并转化为数字图像、进行增强、变换、编码、恢复、重建、编码和压缩、分割等处理，它将一幅图像转化为另一幅具有新的意义的图像。1.4说出图像、视频（video）、图形（drawing）及动画（animation）等视觉信息之间的联系和区别。答：图像是用成像技术形成的静态画面；视频用摄像技术获取动态连续画面，每一帧可以看成是静态的图像。图形是人工或计算机生成的图案，而动画则是通过把人物的表情、动作、变化等分解后画成许多动作瞬间的画幅，再用摄影机连续拍摄成一系列画面，给视觉造成连续变化的图画。视频和动画都利用了视觉暂留原理。1.5 如何在你的显示器上观测图像的像素？1 台笔记本的屏幕分辨率为 1366×768，长宽比例是 4:3、16:9 还是 16:10？屏幕分辨率（以像素每英寸（DPI）为单位）是多少？选择一个高分辨率图像、一个低分辨率图像，比较分别观察到像素时图像的放大倍数的差异。答：可先拷屏，按照图 1.2 放大局部图像的方法观测图像。屏幕分辨率为 1366×768，表示宽高比为 1.7786:1，而 4:3 = 1.3333:1，16:9 = 1.7778:1，16:10 = 1.6:1。可见，此屏幕的宽高比最接近 16:9。1.6 如何在你的计算机上查看图像文件的各种属性？答：在 Windows 操作系统下，鼠标指针