中国的环境保护..doc

中国的环境保护（1996－2005） Environmental Protection in China (1996-2005) 中华人民共和国国务院新闻办公室 Information Office of the State Council of the Peoples Republic of China 二〇〇六年六月·北京 June 2006, Beijing 目　　录 Contents 前　　言 Foreword 一、环境保护法制和体制 I. Environmental Protection Legislation and System 二、工业污染防治 II. Prevention and Control of Industrial Pollution 三、重点地区污染治理 III. Pollution Control in Key Regions 四、城市环境保护 IV. Protection of the Urban Environment 五、农村环境保护 V. Protection of the Rural Environment 六、生态保护与建设 VI. Ecological Protection and Construction 七、环境经济政策和投入 VII. Economic Policy and Investment Concerning the Environment 八、环境影响评价制度 VIII. Environmental Impact Assessment 九、环保科技、产业和公众参与 IX. Environmental Science and Technology, Industry and Public Participation 十、国际环境保护合作 X. International Cooperation in Environmental Protection 结束语 Conclusion 前　　言 Foreword 中国是世界上人口最多的发展中国家。20世纪70年代末期以来，随着中国经济持续快速发展，发达国家上百年工业化过程中分阶段出现的环境问题在中国集中出现，环境与发展的矛盾日益突出。资源相对短缺、生态环境脆弱、环境容量不足，逐渐成为中国发展中的重大问题。 China is the most populous developing country in the world. Since the late 1970s, Chinas economy has developed rapidly and continuously. During the process, many environmental problems that have haunted developed countries in different phases of their 100-year-long industrialization have occurred in China all at the same time. The conflict between environment and development is becoming ever more prominent. Relative shortage of resources, a fragile ecological environment and insufficient environmental capacity are becoming critical problems hindering Chinas development. 中国政府高度重视保护环境，认为保护环境关系到国家现代化建设的全局和长远发展，是造福当代、惠及子孙的事业。多年来，中国政府将环境保护确立为一项基本国策，把可持续发展作为一项重大战略，坚持走新型工业化道路，在推进经济发展的同时，采取一系列措施加强环境保护。特别是近年来，中国政府坚持以科学发展观统领环境保护事业，坚持预防为主、综合治理，全面推进、重点突破，着力解决危害人民群众健康的突出环境问题；坚持创新体制机制，依靠科技进步，强化环境法治，发挥社会各方面的积极性。经过努力，在资源消耗和污染物产生量大幅度增加的情况下，环境污染和生态破坏加剧的趋势减缓，部分流域污染治理初见成效，部分城市和地区环境质量有所改善，工业产品的污染排放强度有所下降，全社会环境保护意识进一步增强。 The Chinese government attaches great importance to environmental protection. It believes that